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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2023-2-5-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ygwgwg</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1004</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Селекционные возможности повышения прочности плодов малины ремонтантного типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Breeding prospects for increasing fruit firmness in remontant raspberries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-7593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокименко</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimenko</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евдокименко Сергей Николаевич</p><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом генетики и селекции садовых культур</p><p>Кокинский опорный пункт, пер. Парковый, 5, с. Кокино, Выгоничский р-н, Брянская обл., 243365</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Evdokimenko</p><p>Dr. Sci. (Agric.), Chief Researcher, Head of the Department of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit and Berry Crops</p><p>Kokino Base Station, 5, per. Parkovy, v. Kokino, Vygonichi district, Bryansk region, 243365</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serge-evdokimenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-1092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подгаецкий</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podgaetskiy</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Кокино, Брянская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Agric.), Senior Researcher</p><p>Kokino, Bryansk region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный селекционно-технологический центр садоводства и питомниководства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Horticultural Research Center Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1004">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1004</self-uri><abstract><p>В большинстве селекционных программ по малине одним из приоритетных направлений является создание сортов с прочными, транспортабельными плодами, способными длительное время храниться без потери качества. Целью настоящих исследований было установление возможности создания форм ремонтантной малины с плодами, прочность которых превышает лучшие современные сорта, а также выявление перспективных родительских пар. Изучались физико-механические свойства плодов малины урожая 2020-2022 гг. Материал исследований включал 19 ремонтантных сортов малины, 8 отборных форм и 10 комбинаций скрещиваний с общим количеством сеянцев 627 шт. Оценка исходных родительских форм и гибридного потомства по усилию на раздавливание ягод и отрыва от цветоложа проводилась согласно методикам по сортоизучению и селекции плодовых, ягодных и орехоплодных культур. За период исследований среди изученных сортов не выявлено генотипов с очень мягкими ягодами. Всего два сорта (Оранжевое Чудо и Элегантная) формировали мягкие плоды (до 5,0 Н), не пригодные для транспортировки. Более 65 % сортообразцов имело средний уровень прочности, позволяющий сохранять высокое качество плодов при ручной уборке и перевозить их на ограниченные расстояния. Прочные ягоды, выдерживающие усилие на раздавливание 7,2-8,3 Н, формировали сорта Sugana, Салют, Атлант и отборные формы 3-59-30, 2-53-1, 44-154-2, 1-60-1 и 9-113-1. В гибридном потомстве малины ремонтантного типа наблюдался большой размах варьирования сеянцев по прочности плодов в зависимости от комбинации скрещиваний. Расчет степени доминирования (D = -19…0) подтвердил сложность передачи потомству высокой прочности плодов. Среди изученных гибридных семей выход трансгрессивных сеянцев составил от 1,7 до 15,6 %. Лишь в комбинации 9-113-1×Салют не выделено гибридов, превышающих по прочности плодов лучшую родительскую форму. Перспективными комбинациями скрещиваний в селекции на получение ремонтантных сортов малины с повышенной прочностью плодов являются 9-163-1×44-154-2, Подарок Кашину×Атлант, 9-113-1×Подарок Кашину, 9-155-1×Атлант и популяции от свободного опыления сортов Золотая Осень, Pokusa и отборной формы 7-42-3. В потомстве этих родительских форм выделены отборные формы 21-166-11, 21-166-10, 8-163-10, 1-188-2, 8-163-11, 15-132-1, 6-124-21, 2-159-10, 1-135-31, выдерживающие усилие на раздавливание 8,5-10,4 Н.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The majority of raspberry breeding programs focus on the creation of varieties with firm and transportable fruits that can be stored for a long time without losing their quality. Our research aimed to establish the possibility of creating remontant raspberry forms with the fruit firmness exceeding that of the best modern varieties in order to identify promising parental pairs. The physical and mechanical properties of raspberry fruits harvested in 2020 were studied. The research material included 19 remontant raspberry varieties, eight selected forms and 10 combinations of crosses with the total seedling number of 627 pcs. The original parental forms and hybrid offspring were evaluated in terms of berry crushing force and detachment from the peduncle using conventional horticultural methods. During the study period, no genotypes with very soft berries were identified among the studied varieties. Only two varieties (Oranjevoye Chudo and Elegantnaya) produced soft fruits (up to 5.0 N) unsuitable for transportation. More than 65 % of the samples exhibited a medium level of firmness, thus allowing the high quality of fruits to be preserved during manual harvesting and transportation over limited distances. The Sugana, Salut, and Atlant varieties, as well as 3-59-30, 2-53-1, 44-154-2, 1-60-1, and 9-113-1 selected forms produced firm berries withstanding a crushing force of 7.2–8.3 N. In the hybrid progeny of raspberry remontant type, large variations in fruit firmness were observed, depending on the combination of crosses. The calculation of dominance degree (D = -19-0) confirmed the difficulty in transmitting the trait of high fruit firmness to progeny. Among the studied hybrid families, the yield of transgressive seedlings ranged from 1.7 to 15.6 %. Only in the 9-113-1×Salut combination, no hybrids exceeding the best parental form in terms of fruit firmness were identified. Promising combinations of crosses in breeding for obtaining remontant raspberry varieties with increased fruit firmness include the following: 9-163-1×44-154-2, Podarok Kashinu×Atlant, 9-113-1×Podarok Kashinu, 9-155-1×Atlant, as well as populations from free pollination of Zolotaya Osen, Pokusa, and the 7-42-3 selected form. In the offspring of these parental forms, the 21-166-11, 21-166-10, 8-163-10, 1-188-2, 8-163-11, 15-132-1, 6-124-21, 2-159-10, and 1-135-31 selected forms withstanding a crushing force of 8.5–10.4 N were identified.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ремонтантная малина</kwd><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>гибридные сеянцы</kwd><kwd>прочность</kwd><kwd>усилие на раздавливание плодов</kwd><kwd>коэффициент относительной прочности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>remontant raspberry</kwd><kwd>variety</kwd><kwd>hybrid seedlings</kwd><kwd>fruit firmness</kwd><kwd>fruit crushing force</kwd><kwd>relative firmness coefficient</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены в рамках реализации государственного задания ФГБНУ ФНЦ Садоводства № 0432-2021-0001 «Генетические и биотехнологические подходы управления селекционным процессом, совершенствование существующих методов селекции для конструирования новых генетических модификаций плодовых, ягодных, овощных и полевых культур, отвечающих современным требованиям сельскохозяйственного производства»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery No. 0432-2021-0001 “Genetic and biotechnological approaches to breeding process management, improvement of existing breeding methods to design new genetic modifications of fruit, berry, vegetable and field crops that meet modern requirements of agricultural production”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Monsalve L., Bernales M., Ayala-Raso A., Álvarez F., Valdenegro M., Alvaro J. 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