<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2023-5-5-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">akrbnq</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1085</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексный подход в пополнении генофонда ореха грецкого на основе изучения местных семенных популяций Краснодарского края</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comprehensive approach to replenishing the English walnut gene pool through the study of local seed populations in Krasnodar Region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-8395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супрун</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suprun</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Супрун Иван Иванович – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39, Краснодар, 350901</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan I. Suprun – PhD Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researche</p><p>40th Anniversary of Victory str., 39, Krasnodar, 350901, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">supruni@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Накиб</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Nakib</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39, Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student, Junior Researcher</p><p>40th Anniversary of Victory str., 39, Krasnodar, 350901, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2092-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токмаков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokmakov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39, Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researche</p><p>40th Anniversary of Victory str., 39, Krasnodar, 350901, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1085">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1085</self-uri><abstract><p>В селекции ореха грецкого актуальным подходом является поиск и отбор новых перспективных генотипов в местах произрастания данного вида. Выделение селекционно ценных форм ореха грецкого из местных семенных популяций даёт возможность ускорить решение селекционных задач и пополнить коллекции генетических ресурсов ценными образцами. В рамках выполняемой работы нами была поставлена задача оценки перспективности использования новых форм для решения задач селекции с использованием фенотипической оценки и молекулярногенетического анализа. Поиск перспективных форм проводили в 2022-2023 гг. на территории населённых пунктов в различных районах Краснодарского края. Учёты хозяйственно ценных признаков осуществляли согласно «Программе и методике сортоизучения плодовых, ягодных и орехоплодных культур». Для оценки уровня генетического разнообразия выборки новых, перспективных форм ореха грецкого было выполнено SSR-генотипирование с использованием семи микросателлитных ДНК-маркеров: WGA001, WGA376, WGA069, WGA276, WGA009, WGA202, WGA089. В изучаемую выборку вошла также гетерогенная группа сортов и элитных форм селекции ФГБНУ СКФНЦСВВ, представляющая общее разнообразие коллекции. Сравнение уровня полиморфизма, как отдельных маркеров, так и среднего показателя всей выборки маркеров у изученных образцов, позволяет говорить об относительно высокой гетерогенности новых перспективных форм, включённых в работу. Использование методов UPGMA, PCoA и анализа в программе STRUCTURE позволило установить генетические взаимосвязи между новыми перспективными формами и образцами из генетической коллекции СКФНЦСВВ. Выявлено, что новые формы не образовывали отдельного кластера и занимают в основном промежуточное положение между тремя группами генотипов из коллекции генофонда. Для новых форм установлено влияние среднеазиатской генплазмы, что обуславливает наличие ряда селекционно ценных признаков. Исходя из данных генетического разнообразия новых перспективных форм ореха грецкого относительно генетически контрастной выборки селекционных форм, можно говорить о целесообразности внедрения новых форм в селекцию для обогащения местного генофонда ореха грецкого.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>promising genotypes in the areas where this species grows. The identification of the valuable breeding forms of English walnut among local seed populations facilitates the solution of breeding problems and replenishes the collections of genetic resources with valuable specimens. In this work, we aim to assess the prospects of using new forms to solve breeding problems by means of phenotypic evaluation and molecular genetic analysis. The search for promising forms was carried out in 2022–2023 on the territory of settlements in the different districts of Krasnodar Krai. Economically valuable traits were recorded according to the “Program and Procedure for the Studying the Varieties of Fruit, Berry, and Nut Crops.” In order to assess the level of genetic diversity in the sample of new, promising forms of English walnut, SSR genotyping was carried out using seven microsatellite DNA markers: WGA001, WGA376, WGA069, WGA276, WGA009, WGA202, WGA089. The heterogeneous group of varieties and elite breeding forms of the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, and Winemaking, representing the overall diversity of the collection, was also included in the studied sample. The comparison of the polymorphism level in the studied specimens for both individual markers and the entire sample of markers suggests a relatively high heterogeneity of the new, promising forms included in the study. The use of UPGMA, PCoA, and analysis in STRUCTURE software allowed genetic relationships to be established between the new, promising forms and specimens from the genetic collection of the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, and Winemaking. The new forms were found not to form a separate cluster and to generally have an intermediate position between the three genotype groups in the gene pool collection. For the new forms, the effect of the Central Asian geneplasm was established, which determines the presence of several valuable breeding traits. Given the data on the genetic diversity of new, promising forms of English walnut relative to the genetically contrasting sample of breeding forms from the collection of the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, and Winemaking, it is reasonable to involve new forms in breeding in order to enrich the local English walnut gene pool.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>орех грецкий</kwd><kwd>Juglans regia L.</kwd><kwd>генетическое разнообразие</kwd><kwd>генофонд</kwd><kwd>селекционно ценные признаки</kwd><kwd>интродукция</kwd><kwd>SSR-маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>English walnut</kwd><kwd>Juglans regia L.</kwd><kwd>genetic diversity</kwd><kwd>gene pool</kwd><kwd>valuable breeding traits</kwd><kwd>introduction</kwd><kwd>SSR markers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет средств гранта Российского научного фонда и Кубанского научного фонда № 22-16-20061, https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-16-20061/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by grant No. 22-16-20061 from the Russian Science Foundation and the Kuban Science Foundation. https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-16-20061/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McGranahan G. H., Leslie C. A. Walnuts (Juglans). Acta Hortic. 1991; 290:905-951.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McGranahan G. H., Leslie C. A. Walnuts (Juglans). Acta Hortic. 1991; 290:905-951.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Луговской А. П., Мурзинова Д. Г. Совершенствование системы возделывания ореха грецкого на Северном Кавказе. Плодоводство и виноградарство Юга России. 2010;6(5):15-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ЛLugovskoy A. P., Murzinova D. G. Improvement of the walnut cultivation system in the North Caucasus. Fruit growing and viticulture of the South of Russia. 2010;6(5):15-23. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Germain E. Genetic improvement of the Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.). Acta Hortic. 1997;442:21-32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Germain E. Genetic improvement of the Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.). Acta Hortic. 1997;442:21-32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vahdati K., Arab M. M., Sarikhani S., Sadat-Hosseini M., Leslie C. A., Brown P .J. Advances in Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) breeding strategies. In Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Nut Beverage Crops. 2019;4:401-472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vahdati K., Arab M. M., Sarikhani S., Sadat-Hosseini M., Leslie C. A., Brown P .J. Advances in Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) breeding strategies. In Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Nut Beverage Crops. 2019;4:401-472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chand L., Singh D. B., Sharma O. C., Mir J. I. et al. Lateral Bearing Trait in Indian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Germplasm: a Potential Yield Contributing Trait in Early Age of the Tree. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management. 2017;8(5):605-610. DOI: 10.23910/IJBSM/2017.8.5.1840.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chand L., Singh D. B., Sharma O. C., Mir J. I. et al. Lateral Bearing Trait in Indian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Germplasm: a Potential Yield Contributing Trait in Early Age of the Tree. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management. 2017;8(5):605-610. DOI: 10.23910/IJBSM/2017.8.5.1840.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma R. M., Kour K., Singh B., Yadav S. et al. Selection and characterization of elite walnut (Juglans regia L.) clone from seedling origin trees in North Western Himalayan region of India,. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 2014;8(2):257-262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma R. M., Kour K., Singh B., Yadav S. et al. Selection and characterization of elite walnut (Juglans regia L.) clone from seedling origin trees in North Western Himalayan region of India,. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 2014;8(2):257-262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rezaei Z., Khadivi A., ValizadehKaji B., Abbasifar A. The selection of superior walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes as revealed by morphological characterization. Euphytica. 2018;214:69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2153-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rezaei Z., Khadivi A., ValizadehKaji B., Abbasifar A. The selection of superior walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes as revealed by morphological characterization. Euphytica. 2018;214:69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2153-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hajinia Z., Sarikhani S., Vahdati K. Exploring low-chill genotypes of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) in west of Iran. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 2021;68:2325-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-021-01131-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hajinia Z., Sarikhani S., Vahdati K. Exploring low-chill genotypes of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) in west of Iran. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 2021;68:2325-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-021-01131-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khadivi A., Montazeran A., Yadegari P. Superior spring frost resistant walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes identified among mature seedling origin trees. Scientia Horticulturae. 2019;253:147-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.04.041.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khadivi A., Montazeran A., Yadegari P. Superior spring frost resistant walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes identified among mature seedling origin trees. Scientia Horticulturae. 2019;253:147-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.04.041.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kavosi H., Khadivi A. The selection of superior late-leafing genotypes of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) among seedling originated trees based on pomological characterizations. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021;288:110299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110299.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kavosi H., Khadivi A. The selection of superior late-leafing genotypes of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) among seedling originated trees based on pomological characterizations. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021;288:110299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110299.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soveili S., Khadivi A. Selecting the superior late-leafing genotypes of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) using morphological and pomological evaluations. BMC Plant Biol. 2023;23(1): 379. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04386-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soveili S., Khadivi A. Selecting the superior late-leafing genotypes of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) using morphological and pomological evaluations. BMC Plant Biol. 2023;23(1): 379. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04386-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mirmahdi N., Khadivi A. Identification of the promising Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes among seedling-originated trees. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;9:2217–2226. doi: 10.1002/ fsn3.2193.eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mirmahdi N., Khadivi A. Identification of the promising Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes among seedling-originated trees. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;9:2217–2226. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2193.eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cosmulescu S., Botu M. Walnut biodiversity in South-Western Romania-resource for perspective cultivars. Pak. J. Bot. 2012;44(1):307-311.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cosmulescu S., Botu M. Walnut biodiversity in South-Western Romania-resource for perspective cultivars. Pak. J. Bot. 2012;44(1):307-311.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cosmulescu S., Stefanescu D., Ionescu B. Genetic diversity among Juglans Regia genotypes based on morphological characters of nut. Erwerbs-Obstbau. 2018;60:137–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-017-0347-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cosmulescu S., Stefanescu D., Ionescu B. Genetic diversity among Juglans Regia genotypes based on morphological characters of nut. Erwerbs-Obstbau. 2018;60:137–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-017-0347-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karadağ H., Akça Y. Phenological and pomological properties of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from selected native population in Amasya Province. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2011;10(74):16763-16768.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karadağ H., Akça Y. Phenological and pomological properties of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from selected native population in Amasya Province. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2011;10(74):16763-16768.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bayram M. A. Pomological and phenological characterization of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Malatya, Turkey. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus. 2012;11(4):169-178.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bayram M. A. Pomological and phenological characterization of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Malatya, Turkey. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus. 2012;11(4):169-178.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akca Y. Y., Bilgen Y., Bilgen Sezai, Ercisli Sezai, Selection of superior persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) from seedling origin in Turkey January 2015. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus. 2015;14(3):103-114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akca Y. Y., Bilgen Y., Bilgen Sezai, Ercisli Sezai, Selection of superior persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) from seedling origin in Turkey January 2015. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus. 2015;14(3):103-114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ipek M., Arıkan Ş., Pırlak L. et al. Phenological, morphological and molecular characterization of some promising walnut (juglans regia l) genotypes in Konya. Erwerbs-Obstbau. 2019;61:149-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-018-0411-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ipek M., Arıkan Ş., Pırlak L. et al. Phenological, morphological and molecular characterization of some promising walnut (juglans regia l) genotypes in Konya. Erwerbs-Obstbau. 2019;61:149-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-018-0411-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bujdoso G., Cseke K. The Persian (English) walnut (Juglans regia L.) assortment of Hungary: Nut characteristics and origin. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021;283:110035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110035.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bujdoso G., Cseke K. The Persian (English) walnut (Juglans regia L.) assortment of Hungary: Nut characteristics and origin. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021;283:110035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110035.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Луговской А. П., Супрун И. И., Балапанов И. М., Подгорная М. Е. Современные сорта и технологии возделывания Грецкого ореха в условиях юга России: методические рекомендации. Краснодар: ФГБНУ СКФНЦСВВ, 2018, 69 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lugovskoy A. P., Suprun I. I., Balapanov I. M., Podgornaya M. E. Modern varieties and technologies of walnut cultivation in the conditions of the south of Russia: guidelines. Krasnodar: FSBSI NCFSCHVV, 2018, 69 p. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ebrahimi A., Zarei A., Fardadonbeh M. Z., Lawson S. Evaluation of genetic variability among «Early Mature» Juglans regia using microsatellite markers and morphological traits, Peer J. 2017;5:e3834. DOI 10.7717/peerj.3834.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ebrahimi A., Zarei A., Fardadonbeh M. Z., Lawson S. Evaluation of genetic variability among «Early Mature» Juglans regia using microsatellite markers and morphological traits, Peer J. 2017;5:e3834. DOI 10.7717/peerj.3834.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shamlu F., Rezaei M., Lawson S. Genetic diversity of superior Persian walnut genotypes in Azadshahr, Iran. Physiol Mol Biol. Plants. 2018;24:939–949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-018-0573-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shamlu F., Rezaei M., Lawson S. Genetic diversity of superior Persian walnut genotypes in Azadshahr, Iran. Physiol Mol Biol. Plants. 2018;24:939–949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-018-0573-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davoodi F., Rezaei M., Heidari P. Identification and DNA fingerprinting of some superior Persian walnut genotypes in Iran. Erwerbs-Obstbau. 2021;63:393-402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-021-00597-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davoodi F., Rezaei M., Heidari P. Identification and DNA fingerprinting of some superior Persian walnut genotypes in Iran. Erwerbs-Obstbau. 2021;63:393-402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-021-00597-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ebrahimi A., Fatahi R., Zamani Z. Analysis of genetic diversity among some Persian walnut genotypes (Juglans regia L.) using morphological traits and SSRs markers. Scientia Horticulturae. 2011;130(1):146-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.06.028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ebrahimi A., Fatahi R., Zamani Z. Analysis of genetic diversity among some Persian walnut genotypes (Juglans regia L.) using morphological traits and SSRs markers. Scientia Horticulturae. 2011;130(1):146-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.06.028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Программа и методика сортоизучения плодовых, ягодных и орехоплодных культур: монография. Орёл, 1999, 606 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The program and methodology of selection of fruit, berry and nut crops. Orel, VNIISPK, 1999, 606 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rogers S. O., Bendich A. J. Extraction of DNA from milligram amounts of fresh, herbarium and mummified plant tissues. Plant. Mol. Biol. 1985;5:69-76. (In Russ)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rogers S. O., Bendich A. J. Extraction of DNA from milligram amounts of fresh, herbarium and mummified plant tissues. Plant. Mol. Biol. 1985;5:69-76. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dangl G. S., Woeste K., Aradhya M. K., Koehmstedt A., Simon C., Potter D., Leslie C. A., McGranahan G., Characterization of 14 microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and cultivar identification of walnut. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 2005;130(3):348-354.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dangl G. S., Woeste K., Aradhya M. K., Koehmstedt A., Simon C., Potter D., Leslie C. A., McGranahan G., Characterization of 14 microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and cultivar identification of walnut. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 2005;130(3):348-354.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peakall R., Smouse P. E. GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research-an update. Bioinformatics. 2012;28:2537-2539. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peakall R., Smouse P. E. GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research-an update. Bioinformatics. 2012;28:2537-2539. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hammer O., Harper D. A. T., Ryan P. D. Past: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis, Palaeontologia Electronica. 2001;4(1):1-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hammer O., Harper D. A. T., Ryan P. D. Past: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis, Palaeontologia Electronica. 2001;4(1):1-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evanno G., Regnaut S., Goudet J. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol. 2005;14:2611-2620.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evanno G., Regnaut S., Goudet J. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol. 2005;14:2611-2620.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vahdati K., Mohseni Pourtaklu S., Karimi R. Genetic diversity and gene flow of some Persian walnut populations in southeast of Iran revealed by SSR markers. Plant Syst Evol. 2015;301:691-699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1107-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vahdati K., Mohseni Pourtaklu S., Karimi R. Genetic diversity and gene flow of some Persian walnut populations in southeast of Iran revealed by SSR markers. Plant Syst Evol. 2015;301:691-699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1107-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orhan E., Eyduran S.P., Poljuha D., Akin M. et al. Genetic diversity detection of seed-propagated walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm from Eastern Anatolia using SSR markers. Folia Horticulturae. 2020;32(1):1-10. DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2020-0004 • AoP.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orhan E., Eyduran S.P., Poljuha D., Akin M. et al. Genetic diversity detection of seed-propagated walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm from Eastern Anatolia using SSR markers. Folia Horticulturae. 2020;32(1):1-10. DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2020-0004 • AoP.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vischi M., Chiabà C., Raranciuc S., Poggetti L. et al. Genetic diversity of walnut (Juglans regia l.) in the Eastern Italian Alps. Forests. 2017;8:81. https://doi.org/10.3390/f8030081.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vischi M., Chiabà C., Raranciuc S., Poggetti L. et al. Genetic diversity of walnut (Juglans regia l.) in the Eastern Italian Alps. Forests. 2017;8:81. https://doi.org/10.3390/f8030081.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ebrahimi A., Zarei A., Lawson S., Woeste E. K. et al. Genetic diversity and genetic structure of Persian walnut (Juglans regia) accessions from 14 European, African, and Asian countries using SSR markers. Tree Genetics &amp; Genomes. 2016;12:14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-016-1075-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ebrahimi A., Zarei A., Lawson S., Woeste E. K. et al. Genetic diversity and genetic structure of Persian walnut (Juglans regia) accessions from 14 European, African, and Asian countries using SSR markers. Tree Genetics &amp; Genomes. 2016;12:14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-016-1075-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bernard A., Barreneche T., Lheureux F., Dirlewanger E. Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a worldwide walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using SSR markers. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(11): e0208021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bernard A., Barreneche T., Lheureux F., Dirlewanger E. Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a worldwide walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using SSR markers. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(11): e0208021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
