vstispСадоводство и виноградарствоHorticulture and viticulture0235-25912618-9003Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»10.31676/0235-2591-2024-4-5-12vstisp-1230Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВОGENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTIONАнализ полиморфизма региона ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 некоторых видов пионов, произрастающих в коллекции Ботанического сада УрО РАНPolymorphism analysis of the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region of some peony species growing in the collection of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Scienceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6270-6744НапалковаВ. В.NapalkovaV. V.

Напалкова Виктория Валерьевна, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник

ул. 8 Марта, 202а, Екатеринбург, 620144

Viktoria V. Napalkova, PhD (Biol.), Researcher

202а, 8 Marta str., Ekaterinburg, 620144

viktoriyaoz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7775-6488ЧерепановаО. Е.CherepanovaO. E.

Кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

ул. 8 Марта, 202а, Екатеринбург, 620144

PhD (Biol.), Leading Researcher

202а, 8 Marta str., Ekaterinburg, 620144

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-674XФилипповЕ. Г.FilippovE. G.

Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник

ул. 8 Марта, 202а, Екатеринбург, 620144

PhD (Biol.), Senior Researcher

202а, 8 Marta str., Ekaterinburg, 620144

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8216-4348МедведеваС. О.MedvedevaS. O.

Научный сотрудник

ул. 8 Марта, 202а, Екатеринбург, 620144

Researcher

202а, 8 Marta str., Ekaterinburg, 620144

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-8573ШароваЕ. А.SharovaE. A.

Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник

ул. 8 Марта, 202а, Екатеринбург, 620144

PhD (Biol.), Senior Researcher

202а, 8 Marta str., Ekaterinburg, 620144

ФГБУН Ботанический сад УрО РАНРоссияBotanical Garden of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20242108202404512Copyright © Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 20242024Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1230

Представители рода Пион (Paeonia L.) являются экономически и социально значимыми декоративными растениями, некоторые виды широко применяются в народной медицине. Разнообразные сорта пионов являются яркими представителями активной многовековой селекции, которые широко применяются для озеленения ботанических садов, городских ландшафтов и приусадебных участков. С развитием молекулярной генетики селекция декоративных культур получила новый импульс. Исследования позволили выделить маркеры, которые помогают определить важные декоративные и хозяйственные характеристики, такие как форма цветка, цвет листьев, цвет венчика, степень махровости, наличие аромата. Это ускоряет процесс селекции и позволяет достаточно точно паспортизировать новые сорта. В нашей статье представлены итоги исследовательской работы, основная цель которой заключалась в апробации метода паспортизации и верификации представителей р. Paeonia на основании вариабельности региона ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2. В ходе анализа удалось определить вид P. arientina, включенный в коллекцию Ботанического сада УрО РАН под другим таксономическим названием P. mascula. Дополнительно провели оценку генетического разнообразия изученного региона рибосомальной ДНК, включив в работу последовательности ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 ряда других видов. Выделение тотальной ДНК проводили CTAB-методом. Оценку сиквенсных последовательностей проводили с применением различных программ (Mega6, Bioedit, DNAxp). Выявили, что для всех изученных видов пионов характерна высокая вариабельность изученного региона. Число полиморфных сайтов составило 155, а общее число мутаций – 164. Высоко число сайтов с одной мутацией (126). Гаплотипное разнообразие (Hd) для всех изученных видов составило 0,978±0,019. Принадлежность таксонов, включенных в коллекцию Ботанического сада УрО РАН, основываясь на изученном регионе ITS рибосомальной ДНК, удалось точно подтвердить. Сделан вывод о целесообразности использования региона ITS1- 5.8S rDNA-ITS2 при паспортизации видов р. Paeonia при включении в коллекционный фонд Ботанических садов, ввиду сложности определения некоторых видов пионов исключительно по морфологическим признакам.

Representatives of the genus Paeonia (Paeonia L.) are economically and socially important ornamental plants. Moreover, some species are widely used in folk medicine. Various peony cultivars are prominent examples of active centuries-old plant breeding. They are commonly employed for soft landscaping of botanical gardens, urban landscapes, and household plots. With the development of molecular genetics, ornamental plant breeding received fresh impetus. Research has enabled the identification of markers that help to determine important ornamental and economic characteristics, such as the flower shape, leaf color, corolla color, degree of doubleness, and presence of fragrance. These advances accelerate the breeding process. Additionally, new cultivars can be certified quite accurately. Our article presents the results of the research aimed at testing the method of certification and verification of representatives of the genus Paeonia based on the variability in the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region. In the course of the analysis, we managed to identify the P. arientina species which had been included in the collection of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the RAS under a different taxonomic name (P. mascula). Additionally, we assessed the genetic diversity of the studied ribosomal DNA region, including the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 sequences of several other species. Total DNA was isolated using the CTAB method. The consecutive sequences were evaluated using various programs (Mega6, Bioedit, DNAxp). The research has revealed that all peony species we studied are characterized by high variability in the region under investigation. The number of polymorphic sites was 155, and the total number of mutations amounted to 164. The number of sites with a single mutation was high (126). Haplotype diversity (Hd) for all species under study equaled 0.978±0.019. We verified the identity of the taxa included in the collection of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences based on the analyzed ITS region of the ribosomal DNA. The article concludes that it is appropriate to use the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region when certifying species of the genus Paeonia to include them in the collections of Botanical Gardens as it is difficult to identify some peony species solely by their morphological characteristics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.