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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2024-5-46-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1280</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОХИМИЯ, ПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ И АГРОЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, SOIL SCIENCE AND AGROECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние микробиологических препаратов на основе штаммов бактерий Bacillus subtilis на численный состав культивируемых форм эндофитных бактерий, содержание элементов минерального питания, фотосинтезирующих пигментов и на показатели флуоресценции хлорофилла в листьях яблони колонновидной</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of Bacillus subtilis – based microbiological preparations on the numerical composition of cultured forms of endophytic bacteria, content of mineral nutrition elements, photosynthetic pigments, as well as on chlorophyll fluorescence indices in leaves of columnar apple trees</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4447-7340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коновалов Сергей Николаевич – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом агрохимии и почвоведения,</p><p>4, ул. Загорьевская, Москва, 115598.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei N. Konovalov, PhD (Biol.), Leading Researcher, Head of the Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science,</p><p>4, Zagorevskaya str., Moscow, 115598.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vstisp.agrochem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-7394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобкова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobkova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобкова В. В. – научный сотрудник, отдел агрохимии и почвоведения,</p><p>4, ул. Загорьевская, Москва, 115598.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bobkova V. V., Researcher, Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science,</p><p>4, Zagorevskaya str., Moscow, 115598.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9762-989X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеботарь</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chebotar</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чеботарь В. К. – кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией технологии микробных препаратов,</p><p>Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chebotar V. K., PhD (Biol.), Head of the Laboratory of Microbial Preparations Technology,</p><p>Pushkin, St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мертвищева</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mertvishcheva</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мертвищева М. Е. – лаборант-исследователь,</p><p>4, ул. Загорьевская, Москва, 115598.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mertvishcheva М. Е., Laboratory Research Assistant,</p><p>4, Zagorevskaya str., Moscow, 115598.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный селекционно-технологический центр садоводства и питомниководства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1280">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1280</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты полевого агрохимического опыта, проведенного в 2021-2022 гг. в Московской области в саду яблони колонновидной (Malus domestica Borkh.) на сортах ‘Валюта’, ‘Триумф’, ‘Президент’, в котором было изучено влияние некорневых обработок растений штаммами Bacillus subtilis, штамм V167; Bacillus subtilis, штамм V417 и микробиологическими препаратами на основе Bacillus subtilis «Экстрасол» (штамм Ч13); «Фитоспорин-М» (штамм 26 Д) на микробиологический, химический состав листьев, на содержание фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях, на показатели флуоресценции хлорофилла. Анализы растительных образцов проводили по общепринятым методикам. При применении штаммов и микробиологических препаратов на основе Bacillus subtilis таксономический состав культивируемых на плотных питательных средах форм эндофитных бактерий, выделенных из листьев, был представлен родом Bacillus; при обработке растений штаммом V417 Bacillus subtilis и препаратом «Фитоспорин-М» – также родом Pseudomonas. Численность культивируемых форм эндофитных бактерий при обработке растений возрастала и достигала максимального значения 406800 КОЕ/г в варианте с препаратом «Экстрасол». Содержание фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях при этом зависело от сорта растений и от применяемого штамма. Как на контроле, так и в опытных вариантах отмечались высокие значения показателя максимального квантового выхода фотохимических реакций ФС II Fv/Fm. Закономерное повышение содержания N в листьях происходило при применении препарата «Экстрасол» (в наибольшей степени у сорта ‘Президент’ – на 16,1 % выше контроля). У сортов ‘Президент’, ‘Триумф’ при некорневой обработке растений изученными штаммами и микробиологическими препаратами было отмечено повышение содержания в листьях K (в наибольшей степени – у сорта ‘Триумф’ в варианте с препаратом «Экстрасол» – на 17,2 % выше контроля). Некорневые обработки растений микробиологическими препаратами у сортов ‘Президент’, ‘Валюта’ способствовали тенденции повышения, по сравнению с контролем, содержания Mg в листьях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of agrochemical field experiments conducted in an orchard of columnar apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) in the Moscow Oblast during the period of 2021–2022 are presented. The research objects were the ‘Valuta’, ‘Triumph’, and ‘President’ varieties. The effect of foliar treatments of plants with Bacillus subtilis (strain V167) and Bacillus subtilis (strain V417) strains, as well as Bacillus subtilis – based microbiological preparations “Extrasol” (strain Ch13) and “Phytosporin-M” (strain 26D) on such indicators as the microbiological and chemical composition of leaves, the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves, and chlorophyll fluorescence indices was studied. Plant samples were analyzed using standard methodology. When applying strains and microbiological preparations based on Bacillus subtilis, the taxonomic composition of endophytic bacterial forms cultured on dense nutrient media and isolated from leaves was represented by the Bacillus genus. For comparison, when treating plants with Bacillus subtilis strain V417 and “Phytosporin-M”, the Pseudomonas genus was also detected. The number of cultivated forms of endophytic bacteria in the treated plants was consistently growing, having reached the maximum value of 406800 CFU/g in the “Extrasol” variant. Notably, the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves depended on both the plant variety and the strain used. High values of maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) were observed both in experimental and control variants. A consistent increase in leaf N content was detected when applying “Extrasol”. In this respect, the ‘President’ variety showed the greatest response, i.e., a 16.1 % increase compared to the control. The ‘President’ and ‘Triumph’ varieties demonstrated an increase in leaf K content under the influence of foliar treatment of plants with the studied strains and microbiological preparations. The greatest effect of 17.2 % above the control was observed in the ‘Triumph’ variety when treated with “Extrasol”. Foliar treatments of ‘President’ and ‘Valuta’ plants with microbiological preparations contributed to increased, compared to the control, Mg contents in their leaves.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>яблоня колонновидная</kwd><kwd>Bacillus subtilis</kwd><kwd>микробиологический состав листьев</kwd><kwd>химический состав листьев</kwd><kwd>содержание фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях</kwd><kwd>показатели флуоресценции хлорофилла</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>columnar apple tree</kwd><kwd>Bacillus subtilis</kwd><kwd>microbiological composition of leaves</kwd><kwd>chemical composition of leaves</kwd><kwd>content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves</kwd><kwd>chlorophyll fluorescence indices</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ, проект № 20-016-00201/21. Работа проводилась с использованием оборудования ЦКП «Геномные технологии, протеомика и клеточная биология» ФГБНУ ВНИИСХМ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by RFBR grant 20-016-00201/21. The research was done using equipment of the Core Centrum ‘Genomic Technologies, Proteomics and Cell Biology’ in ARRIAM.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parray J. A., Shameem N. Chapter 3 – molecular mechanism of plant-microbe interactions, sustainable agriculture. Academic Press. 2020, 85-136. ISBN 9780128171097. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-817109-7.00003-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parray J. A., Shameem N. Chapter 3 – molecular mechanism of plant-microbe interactions, sustainable agriculture. Academic Press. 2020, 85-136. ISBN 9780128171097. 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