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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2024-6-15-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1307</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка сроков цветения и качественных характеристик плодов перспективных селекционных форм ореха грецкого генофонда СКФНЦСВВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of flowering dates and qualitative characteristics of fruits of promising walnut breeding forms of the gene pool at the North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-8395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супрун</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suprun</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Супрун Иван Иванович – кандидат биологических наук, заведующий функциональным научным центром «Селекции и питомниководства»</p><p>ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39, Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan I. Suprun PhD (Bio.), Head of the Functional Scientifi c Center «Breeding and Nursery»</p><p>39, 40-th Anniversary of Victory str., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">supruni@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-1176</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Накиб</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Nakib</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аль-Накиб Е. А. – младший научный сотрудник селекционно-биотехнологической лаборатории</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Al-Nakib E. A., Junior Researcher of Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3580-2316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лободина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobodina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лободина Е. В. – кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник селекционно-биотехнологической лаборатории</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lobodina E. V., PhD (Tech.), Researcher of Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3919-8168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щеглов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcheglov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щеглов С. Н. – доктор биологических наук, доцент</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shcheglov S. N., Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Docent</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кубанский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1307">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1307</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе приведены результаты фенологических наблюдений за сроками начала цветения мужских и женских соцветий, а также результаты оценки по комплексу признаков качество плодов 26 перспективных селекционных форм, отобранных ранее по признакам адаптивности и продуктивности из генофонда гибридных форм ФГБНУ СКФНЦСВВ. Фенологические наблюдения показали, что период цветения женских и мужских соцветий в 2022-2024 гг. приходился на разные даты, а также был разной продолжительности. Начало цветения женских соцветий (в среднем за три года) датировалось 18 апреля, средняя продолжительность цветения – 11 дней. Начало цветения мужских соцветий (в среднем за три года) датировалось 11 апреля, средняя продолжительность цветения – 8 дней. При оценке типа цветения установлено, что 12 образцов имели протандричный тип, 8 образцов – протогиничный, 6 образцов характеризовались гомогамным типом с протогинией, наблюдаемой в отдельные годы. Выявленные сроки и тип цветения позволили выделить наиболее перспективные образцы-опылители, а также установить формы с поздним сроком цветения женских соцветий, что является ценным признаком для селекции. Проведенная оценка качественных характеристик плодов показала, что формы 17-2-14, 17-2-16, 17-2-20, 17-3-8 обладают комплексом ценных признаков (высокий процент выхода ядра, извлекаемость целиком или половинками, светлый цвет ядра), а также имеют тонкую/среднюю скорлупу. Форма 17-3-8 наряду с комплексом хозяйственно-ценных характеристик плодов имеет поздние сроки цветения женских соцветий, что представляет большой интерес для дальнейшего ее рассмотрения в качестве сорта. Кроме того, для использования в селекции рекомендованы следующие комбинации родительских форм: образцы с гомогамным типом цветения (17-1-14, 17-18, 17-2-25, ‘Водник’, ‘Тимур’) и поздним типом цветения женских соцветий (‘Новинка’, ‘Казачий’, Г-1-37), у которых низкий выход или темный цвет ядра, для скрещивания с формами 17-2-16, 17-2-20 и 17-3-8 (высокий процент выхода ядра и его извлекаемость, светлое ядро). Это позволит получить селекционный материал для отбора форм с комплексом указанных характеристик.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of phenological observation of flowering onset dates for male and female inflorescences. In addition, the study provides the data obtained through assessing a complex of fruit quality characteristics of 26 promising breeding forms. The forms were previously selected for the adaptability and productivity characteristics from the gene pool of hybrid forms at the North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making. Phenological observations showed that the flowering time of female and male inflorescences in 2022-2024 occurred on different dates. Moreover, its duration also varied. The beginning of female inflorescence flowering (the average for a three-year period) was dated April 18; the average flowering duration equaled 11 days. The beginning of male inflorescence flowering (the average for a three-year period) was dated April 11. The average flowering duration was 8 days. When evaluating the flowering type, we found that 12 samples were protandrous, 8 samples were protogynous. 6 samples were characterized as homogamous with protogyny observed in particular years. The identified time and type of flowering enabled us to select the most promising pollenizer samples, as well as to establish forms with a late flowering date in female inflorescences, which is a valuable trait for breeding. The undertaken assessment of the qualitative fruit characteristics showed that forms 17-2-14, 17-2-16, 17-2-20, 17-3-8 had a set of valuable traits such as a high percentage of kernel yield, kernel extraction from the shell whole or in halves, light-colored kernels. Moreover, they have thin/medium-thick shells. Form 17-3-8 has late flowering dates of female inflorescences along with a complex of economically valuable characteristics of fruits, which is of great interest for its further consideration as a cultivar. In addition, the following combinations of parental forms are recommended for use in breeding: samples with homogamous flowering (17-1-14, 17-18, 17-2-25, Vodnik, Timur) and with late flowering of female inflorescences (Novinka, Kazachiy, G-1-37). They produce a low yield or have dark-colored kernels and can be crossed with forms 17-2-16, 17-2-20, 17-3-8 characterized by a large percentage of kernel yield and its extractability, light-colored kernels. This will make it possible to obtain breeding material for selecting forms with the specified characteristics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>орех грецкий</kwd><kwd>селекционные формы</kwd><kwd>сроки цветения</kwd><kwd>тип цветения</kwd><kwd>качество плодов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>walnut</kwd><kwd>breeding forms</kwd><kwd>flowering time</kwd><kwd>flowering type</kwd><kwd>fruit quality</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет средств гранта Российского научного фонда и Кубанского научного фонда № 22-16-20061 (https://rscf.ru/project/22-16-20061/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with financial support of the Russian Science Foundation and the Kuban Science Foundation, grant № 22-16-20061 (https://rscf.ru/project/22-16-20061/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Binici H. 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