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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2025-5-5-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1435</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ ВЕДЕНИЯ ПИТОМНИКОВОДСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MODERN NURSERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние биопрепаратов на грибную микрофлору посадочного материала при производстве саженцев винограда</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of biologicals on the fungal microflora of grape planting material</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5330-0352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор, академик РАН, советник,</p><p>ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39, Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Counselor</p><p>39, 40-letya Pobedy str., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kubansad@kubannet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-3889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрченко</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurchenko</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, заведующая НЦ «Защиты и биотехнологий растений»</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Agric.), Head of SC «Рrotection and Вiotechnology of Plants»</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7592-9848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шадрина</surname><given-names>Ж. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shadrina</surname><given-names>Zh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, доцент, профессор РАН, заведующий лабораторией экономики</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Economics</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1140-5332</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савчук</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchuk</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории биотехнологического контроляфитопатогенов и фитофагов</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Agric.), Research Associate, Laboratory of Biotechnological Control of Phytopathogens and Phytophages</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-2312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочьян</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochyan</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории экономики</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Econ.), Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Economics</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1435">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1435</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснована возможность применения биологических средств для ограничения грибной, в том числе сосудистой инфекции при производстве привитых саженцев винограда. Выявлено влияние предпосадочной антимикробной обработки черенков и прививок на численность и структуру микромицетов на привое и подвое саженцев. В результате анализа суммарной активности препаратов в подавлении грибной и бактериальной микрофлоры установлено, что препараты Фитолавин, ВРК и Триходермин, Ж проявляли эффективное и пролонгированное биоцидное действие. В исследованиях рассматривалось также изменение таксономической структуры комплекса гифомицетов в условиях обработок. При производстве черенков в подавлении Botrytis cinerea Fr., а также сосудистого патогена Phomopsis viticola Sacc. все препараты показали высокую эффективность. При производстве прививок в варианте Хинозола было отмечено недостаточное подавление возбудителя серой гнили и экскориоза. B. cinerea занимал 10,2-11,8 %, P. viticola – 0,2-0,7 % от всего количества гифомицетов, в остальных вариантах опыта отмечено полное подавление данных микопатогенов. В анализах после выкопки саженцев в вариантах Хинозола, ВРП и Фармайода, ГР ежегодно обнаруживалась фузариозная инфекция как на привойной части, так и на подвойной; инфекция экскориоза стабильно выявлялась в подвойной части и в один год – в привойной. Была проведена оценка биологической эффективности биотехнологии (комплекса обработок биопрепаратами) в снижении заражения трахеомикозной инфекцией растений. Были выделены два перспективных биопрепарата с наибольшей эффективностью в подавлении трахеомикозной инфекции – Фитолавин, ВРК 0,4 % и Триходермин, Ж 0,5 %, которые обладают достаточно высокой фунгицидной активностью, адаптивным регуляторным воздействием в целом на структуру микромицетов, не вызывая при этом резких колебаний отдельных групп грибов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The present study substantiates the use of biologicals for limiting fungal, including vascular, infections in the production of grafted grape seedlings. The eff ects of antimicrobial pre-planting treatment of cuttings and grafts on the number and structure of micromycetes in the scion and rootstock of seedlings is revealed. The total activity of biologicals in suppressing fungal and bacterial microfl ora is analyzed; a strong and prolonged biocidal eff ect of Phytolavin SC and Trichodermin L is established. The studies also examine changes in the taxonomic composition of the hyphomycete complex under treatment conditions. In the production of cuttings, all biologicals show high effi ciency in suppressing Botrytis cinerea Fr., as well as Phomopsis viticola Sacc. vascular pathogen. The production of grafts using Chinosol reveals insuffi cient suppression of gray mold and excoriosis. B. cinerea and P. viticola occupy 10.2–11.8 and 0.2–0.7 % of the total number of hyphomycetes, respectively; in the remaining experimental options, complete suppression of these mycopathogens is noted. In post-excavation analyses of seedlings treated with Chinosol SP and Pharmaiodine GS, fusarium infection is detected annually on both the scion and rootstock parts; excoriosis infection is consistently detected on the rootstock part and once on the scion. The biological effi ciency of this complex treatment in reducing the infection of plants with tracheomycosis is assessed. The promising Phytolavin SC 0.4 % and Trichodermin L 0.5 % biologicals are the most effi cient in suppressing tracheomycotic infection. They have a fairly high fungicidal activity and adaptive regulatory eff ect on the overall structure of micromycetes without sharp fl uctuations in individual groups of fungi.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биопрепараты</kwd><kwd>биотехнологии</kwd><kwd>виноградарство</kwd><kwd>посадочный материал</kwd><kwd>грибная микрофлора</kwd><kwd>биологическая и экономическая эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biologicals</kwd><kwd>biotechnology</kwd><kwd>viticulture</kwd><kwd>planting material</kwd><kwd>fungal microflora</kwd><kwd>biological and economic efficiency</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России для ФГБНУ СКФНЦСВВ, тема № FGRE-2025-0006 «Разработка био-, цифровых и когнитивных технологий производства посадочного материала винограда высших категорий качества, свободных от вирусов».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the State Task of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for the FSBSI NCFSCHVW, Theme No. FGRE-2025-0006 «Development of bio-, digital and cognitive technologies for the production of grape planting material the highest quality categories, free from viruses».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doroshenko N., Puzirnova V. 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