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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2026-1-42-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1485</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ И СПОСОБЫ ЗАЩИТЫ РАСТЕНИЙ ОТ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ И БОЛЕЗНЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS AND WAYS OF PROTECTING PLANTS FROM DISEAS AND PESTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние абиотических условий среды и иммуноиндуцирующих обработок на защитные реакции винограда против фитопатогенов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of abiotic environmental conditions and immune-inducing treatments on defense responses in grapevine against phytopath</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-1725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сундырева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sundyreva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сундырева Мария Андреевна, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, зав. лабораторией физиологии и биохимии растений</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Sundyreva, PhD (Agric.), Head of Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry</p><p>39, 40 years of Victory, str., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mari.sundy@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-5216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишко</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishko</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии и биохимии растений</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD. (Biol.), Researcher at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry</p><p>39, 40 years of Victory, str., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0521-0827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луцкий</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutsky</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии и биохимии растений</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and B</p><p>39, 40 years of Victory, str., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5973-3886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии и биохимии растений</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry</p><p>39, 40 years of Victory, str., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4822-1139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Схаляхо</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalyakho</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии и биохимии растений</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry</p><p>39, 40 years of Victory, str., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1485">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1485</self-uri><abstract><p>В период вегетации наблюдается комплексное воздействие на растения множества экологических факторов. Реакции растений на отдельные стрессоры могут перекрываться и усиливать или ослаблять друг друга. При комбинированном действии нескольких стрессоров ответ растения может быть представлен иначе, чем суммарная реакция на каждое из воздействий в отдельности. Иммуноиндуцирующие физиологически активные вещества оказывают комплексное стимулирующее действие на растения, приводя к снижению чувствительности к абиотическим и биотическим стрессовым факторам. Исследования, направленные на поиск эффективных, экономически и экологически приемлемых способов иммуноиндукции, обладают высоким уровнем значимости для коммерческого виноградарства. Цель работы – изучение влияния абиотических стрессоров и иммуноиндуцирующих обработок на защитные реакции винограда против фитопатогенов. Исследования были проведены в моделируемых и полевых условиях. Высокотемпературный стресс больше остальных абиотических воздействий индуцировал экспрессию защитных генов. В моделируемых условиях максимальное содержание стильбенов было выявлено при комбинированном действии засухи и температурного стресса. В полевых условиях при продолжительном отсутствии осадков и значительном повышении температуры относительно среднемноголетней нормы экспрессия защитных генов снижалась, в то время как происходило выраженное увеличение содержания виниферина и пицеида. Моделируемые условия достаточно точно характеризовали изменения экспрессии защитных генов при воздействии абиотических стрессоров в естественной среде. Наличие биотических воздействий в естественной среде являлось вторичным по отношению к абиотическим стрессорам в изменении экспрессии генов и синтезе стильбенов. Предварительная обработка листьев винограда живой дрожжевой суспензией, водным экстрактом дрожжей, метилжасмонатом и салициловой кислотой значительно повышала уровень экспрессии защитных генов и содержание микроботоксичного виниферина в течение 24 часов после заражения Plasmopara viticola. В результате развитие милдью снижалось в сравнении с контрольным вариантом, однако полного подавления развития патогена не происходило. Наибольшей эффективностью в качестве иммуноиндуцирующего агента обладала дрожжевая суспензия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During the vegetation period, plants experience a complex array of environmental factors. Plant responses to individual stressors can overlap, either amplifying or attenuating each other. Under the combined action of several stressors, a plant response to a combination of stressors may be non-additive, differing from the sum of its individual responses. Physiologically active immune inducers provide comprehensive stimulation to plants, leading to reduced sensitivity to abiotic and biotic stressors. Identifying effective, economical, and eco-friendly immune induction strategies is critically important for commercial viticulture. This study aims to investigate the effect of abiotic stressors and immune-inducing treatments on the defense responses in grapevine against phytopathogens. The research was conducted under simulated and field conditions. High-temperature stress induced the expression of defense genes to a greater extent than other abiotic factors. Under simulated conditions, the maximum stilbene content was detected under the combination of drought and temperature stress. In the field, prolonged drought coupled with above-average temperature led to a decline in defense gene expression in contrast to a pronounced rise in viniferin and piceid. Simulated conditions accurately characterized changes in defense gene expression under the impact of abiotic stressors in the environment. In the natural setting, the presence of biotic factors was secondary to abiotic stressors in altering gene expression and stilbene synthesis. Pretreatment of grapevine leaves with a live yeast suspension, an aqueous yeast extract, methyl jasmonate, and salicylic acid significantly enhanced both defense gene expression and the content of microbe-toxic viniferin within 24 h after infection with Plasmopara viticola. The results indicated the reduction in mildew development compared to the control, although complete pathogen suppression was not achieved. The yeast suspension demonstrated the highest efficacy as an immune-inducing agent.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>виноград</kwd><kwd>засуха</kwd><kwd>высокотемпературный стресс</kwd><kwd>модельные условия</kwd><kwd>полевые условия</kwd><kwd>иммуноиндукция</kwd><kwd>салициловая кислота</kwd><kwd>жасмоновая кислота</kwd><kwd>дрожжи</kwd><kwd>экстракты дрожжей</kwd><kwd>защитные реакции</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>стильбены</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grapevine</kwd><kwd>drought</kwd><kwd>high-temperature stress</kwd><kwd>simulated conditions</kwd><kwd>field conditions</kwd><kwd>immune induction</kwd><kwd>salicylic acid</kwd><kwd>jasmonic acid</kwd><kwd>yeast</kwd><kwd>yeast extracts</kwd><kwd>defense responses</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>stilbenes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Кубанского научного фонда и Российского научного фонда в рамках научного проекта № 25-14-20022.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research is carried out with the financial support of the Kuban Science Foundation and Russian Science Foundation in the framework of the scientific project Num. 25-14-20022.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петров В. 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