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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2026-2-25-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1525</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И БИОХИМИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Водный баланс и пигментный состав листьев винограда в связи с устойчивостью к жаре и засухе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Water balance and pigment composition of grapevine leaves in relation to heat and drought resistance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-1261</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселева Г. К. – кандидат биологических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник центра коллективного пользования высокотехнологичным оборудованием</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kiseleva G. K., PhD (Biol.), Associate professor, Senior Researcher Center for collective use of high-tech equipment</p><p>39, str. 40 years of Victory, Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galina-kiseleva-1960@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4615-3331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильина И. А. – доктор технических наук, профессор, зам. директора по науке</p><p>г. Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilyina I. A., Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Deputy Director for Science</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-5526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Запорожец</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaporozhets</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Запорожец Н. М. – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ученый секретарь</p><p>г. Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zaporozhets N. M., PhD (Agric.), Scientific Secretary</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6047-2040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хохлова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khokhlova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хохлова А. А. – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник центра коллективного пользования высокотехнологичным оборудованием</p><p>г. Краснодар </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khokhlova A. A., PhD (Biol.), Researcher Center for collective use of high-tech equipment</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1525">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1525</self-uri><abstract><p>Вопросы адаптационной устойчивости винограда к жаре и засухе приобрели особую актуальность в связи с климатическими изменениями в Анапо-Таманской зоне Краснодарского края, поскольку недостаток осадков и повышенные температуры в период активного роста ягод снижают их качество и урожайность насаждения. Цель исследований – провести оценку адаптации сортов винограда различного эколого-географического происхождения к дефициту осадков и повышенным температурам с помощью показателей водного обмена и содержания фотосинтетических пигментов листа, выделить сорта для возделывания в условиях Анапо-Таманской зоны Краснодарского края и использования в селекции в качестве доноров и источников хозяйственно-ценных признаков. Объекты исследований – кроссы и межвидовые гибриды винограда различного эколого-географического происхождения: ‘Кристалл’ (Венгрия), ‘Достойный’, ‘Красностоп АЗОС’, ‘Восторг’ (Россия), ‘Алиготе’ (Франция), ‘Зариф’ (Таджикистан). В статье представлены результаты изучения водного обмена, содержания фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях в течение летнего вегетационного периода 20232025 гг. Обнаружено, что адаптивные особенности листа всех изучаемых сортов винограда позволяют сохранять полную физиологическую активность в течение периода вегетации. Оводненность листьев снижалась летом на 1,77-5,04 % в зависимости от сорта и зависела от фенофазы. В эксперименте по искусственной утрате тургора сортами ‘Красностоп АЗОС’ и ‘Алиготе’ отмечены наименьшие водопотери – 10,34 и 9,87 % соответственно. У других изучаемых сортов водопотери составляли 17,03-19,62 %. Содержание хлорофилла повышалось к концу лета на 11,30-25,06 % в зависимости от сорта. Также увеличивалась доля каротиноидов в пигментном составе листа, выполняющих стресс-протекторную функцию. У сортов ‘Красностоп АЗОС’ и ‘Алиготе’ отмечены минимальные значения соотношения хлорофиллы/каротиноиды – 2,23 и 2,28 соответственно, в отличие от других сортов, у которых они составляли 3,03-3,47. По полученным физиолого-биохимическим данным наибольший потенциал устойчивости к жаре и засухе выявлен у сортов ‘Красностоп АЗОС’ и ‘Алиготе’, они рекомендуются для создания новых сортов с вероятностью наследования этих признаков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study of heat and drought resistance in grapevines has become particularly relevant due to climatic changes in the Anapa-Taman zone of the Krasnodar krai, where water deficit and high temperatures during active berry growth impair both fruit quality and plantation productivity. The aim of this work was to assess the adaptation of grapevine cultivars of diverse ecological and geographical origins to water deficit and high temperatures using parameters of leaf water relations and photosynthetic pigment content. The findings are intended to support the selection of cultivars suitable for cultivation in the Anapa-Taman zone of the Krasnodar krai and to select genotypes that could be used in breeding programs as donors and sources of economically valuable traits. The plant material comprised crossings and interspecific hybrids of various ecological and geographical origins: Kristall (Hungary), Dostoinyi, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg (Russia), Aligote (France), and Zarif (Tajikistan). This research investigated the water regime and the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves during the summer growing seasons of 2023-2025. It was found that the adaptive characteristics of the leaves enable all grapevine cultivars to maintain full physiological activity throughout the vegetative period. Leaf water content decreased in summer by 1.77-5.04% depending on the cultivar and the phenological phase. In the artificial turgor loss experiment, the Krasnostop AZOS and Aligote cultivars showed the lowest water loss – 10.34 % and 9.87 %, respectively. In the other studied cultivars, water loss ranged from 17.03 % to 19.62 %. Chlorophyll content increased by the end of summer by 11.30-25.06 %, depending on the cultivar. Furthermore, the proportion of carotenoids in the leaf pigment composition, which perform a stress-protective function, also increased. The Krasnostop AZOS and Aligote cultivars exhibited the minimum chlorophyll/carotenoid ratios – 2.23 and 2.28, respectively, in contrast to other cultivars where these ratios ranged from 3.03 to 3.47. Based on the physiological and biochemical data obtained, the Krasnostop AZOS and Aligote cultivars demonstrated the highest potential for heat and drought resistance. These cultivars are recommended as donor parents in breeding programs for the development of new cultivars.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>виноград</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>засуха</kwd><kwd>повышенные температуры</kwd><kwd>оводненность</kwd><kwd>хлорофилл</kwd><kwd>каротиноиды.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grapevine</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>drought</kwd><kwd>high temperatures</kwd><kwd>water content</kwd><kwd>chlorophyll</kwd><kwd>carotenoids.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Результаты получены при финансовой поддержке Российской Федерации в лице Минобрнауки России в рамках соглашения № 075-15-2025-178.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The results were obtained with the financial support of the Russian Federation represented by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia under agreement № 075-15-2025-178.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петров В. 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