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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2026-3-5-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1540</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ генетических взаимосвязей и оценка комплекса признаков качества плодов селекционных форм ореха грецкого (Juglans regia L.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of genetic relationships and evaluation of fruit quality traits in breeding forms of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-1176</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Накиб</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Nakib</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аль-Накиб Екатерина Аделевна - младший научный сотрудник селекционно-биотехнологической лаборатории</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Al-Nakib A. Adelevna, Junior Research Associate of Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory</p><p>39, 40 years of Victory str., 350901, Krasnodar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ealnakib@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-8395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супрун</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suprun</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Супрун И. И. - кандидат биологических наук, зав. ФНЦ «Селекции и питомниководства»</p><p>г. Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Suprun I. I., PhD (Biol.), Head of the Functional Scientific Center «Breeding and Nursery Production»</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1540">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1540</self-uri><abstract><p> Орех грецкий ценная орехоплодная культура, плоды которой богаты ненасыщенными жирными кислотами, фенольными соединениями и микроэлементами, что определяет их высокую пищевую ценность и пользу для здоровья человека. Формирование признаковых коллекций и поддержание их генетического и фенотипического разнообразия является важным и актуальным вопросом в селекционно-генетических исследованиях, решение которого направлено на повышение эффективности селекционного процесса. В статье представлены результаты анализа генетического разнообразия, выполненного с применением SSR-маркеров, и данные, полученные по комплексу признаков качества плодов для перспективных селекционных образцов ореха грецкого. Объектами исследования являлись 43 гибридные формы ореха грецкого из коллекции генофонда ФГБНУ СКФНЦСВВ. Контроль сорт ‘Родина’. В ходе исследований (2022-2025 гг.) проведена комплексная оценка плодов по ключевым признакам качества: массе плода (варьирование в изученной выборке от 6,42 до 14,27 г), выходу ядра (41,14-61,83 %), толщине скорлупы (0,92-1,83 мм), цвету ядра, выделяемости и выполненности ядра, а также общему содержанию жиров (6177 %). Выделено 11 перспективных форм, одновременно обладающих тремя и более ценными признаками качества плодов. С использованием 12 микросателлитных ДНК-маркеров проведен анализ уровня разнообразия, а также генетических взаимосвязей 43 гибридных форм как внутри выборки, так и с некоторыми сортами отечественной и зарубежной селекции. Выявлено 90 аллелей со средним значением 7,5 аллелей на локус. Показатели полиморфизма (наблюдаемая гетерозиготность 0,451, ожидаемая гетерозиготность –0,670) также указывают на относительно высокий уровень генетической гетерогенности изученной выборки. С помощью Байесовского анализа (STRUCTURE, K=4) и метода главных координат (PCoA) установлены генетические взаимосвязи между гибридными формами и сортами отечественной и зарубежной селекции. Было выявлено четыре основные группы образцов, распределение по которым согласуется с происхождением образцов. На основе анализа генетических дистанций и кластерной принадлежности разработаны рекомендации по подбору родительских пар для селекции с целью создания сортов с улучшенными характеристиками плодов при сохранении высокого уровня генетического разнообразия генофонда.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Persian walnut is a valuable nut crop whose fruits are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and trace elements, determining their high nutritional value and health benefits. The development of trait-specific collections and the preservation of their genetic and phenotypic diversity are relevant directions in breeding and genetic research aimed at improving the efficiency of breeding programs. This article presents the results of genetic diversity analysis using SSR markers, along with data on a set of fruit quality traits in promising walnut breeding forms. The study involved 43 hybrid forms of Persian walnut from the germplasm collection of the North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, and Winemaking (NCFSCHVW). The Rodina cultivar was used as a control. During the study period (2022–2025), fruits were comprehensively evaluated for key quality traits, including fruit weight (ranging from 6.42 to 14.27 g in the studied sample), kernel percentage (41.14–61.83 %), shell thickness (0.92–1.83 mm), kernel color, kernel extraction ease, kernel filling, and total fat content (61–77 %). Overall, 11 promising forms that simultaneously possessed three or more valuable fruit quality traits were identified. Using 12 microsatellite DNA markers, the level of genetic diversity and the genetic relationships among the 43 hybrid forms, as well as with several domestic and foreign cultivars, were assessed. A total of 90 alleles were detected, with an average of 7.5 alleles per locus. Polymorphism indices (observed heterozygosity = 0.451; expected heterozygosity = 0.670) also indicated a relatively high level of genetic heterogeneity within the studied sample. Bayesian clustering analysis (STRUCTURE, K = 4) and Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) were used to determine genetic relationships among the hybrid forms and domestic and foreign cultivars. Four major groups of samples were identified, and their distribution was consistent with the origin of the samples. Based on genetic distance estimates and cluster assignment, recommendations were developed for the selection of parental combinations in breeding programs aimed at developing cultivars with improved fruit characteristics while maintaining a high level of genetic diversity within the germplasm. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>орех грецкий</kwd><kwd>Juglans regia L.</kwd><kwd>морфологические признаки</kwd><kwd>SSR-маркеры</kwd><kwd>генетическое разнообразие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Persian walnut</kwd><kwd>Juglans regia L.</kwd><kwd>morphological traits</kwd><kwd>SSR markers</kwd><kwd>genetic diversity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Результаты получены при финансовой поддержке Российской Федерации в лице Минобрнауки России в рамках соглашения № 075-15-2025-178.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The results were obtained with the financial support of the Russian Federation represented by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under Agreement No. 075-15-2025-178.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pramanick K. 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