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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2026-3-26-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-1542</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Селекция абрикоса (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.) для садоводства Центрально-Черноземного региона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Breeding of apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.) for horticulture in the Central Black Earth Region, Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-7536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelyeva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савельева Наталья Николаевна – доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории генофонда</p><p>Тамбовская обл., г. Мичуринск, ул. Мичурина, 30, 393740</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Savelyeva, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher of the Gene Pool Laboratory    </p><p>Michurinsk, Tambov Region, 30, Michurina str., 393740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saveleva_natalya_nic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2180-0045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юшков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yushkov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юшков А. Н. – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии устойчивости</p><p>Мичуринск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yushkov A. N., Dr. Sci. (Agric.), Leading Researcher of the Stress Physiology Laboratory</p><p>Michurinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0932-8902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Земисов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemisov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Земисов А. С. – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории частной генетики и селекции</p><p>Мичуринск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zemisov A. S., PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Special Genetics and Breeding</p><p>Michurinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8494-2465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чивилев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chivilev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чивилев В. В. – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории генофонда</p><p>Мичуринск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chivilev V. V., PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher of the Gene Pool Laboratory</p><p>Michurinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4432-3245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданов</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanov</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богданов Р. Е. – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории частной генетики и селекции</p><p>Мичуринск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bogdanov R. E., PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Special Genetics and Breeding</p><p>Michurinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-2743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борзых</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borzykh</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борзых Н. В. - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии устойчивости</p><p>Мичуринск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Borzykh N. V., PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher of the Stress Physiology Laboratory</p><p>Michurinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр имени И. В. Мичурина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1542">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/1542</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследований – оценка хозяйственно-биологических признаков нового сорта абрикоса ‘Цезарь’ (ФНЦ им. И. В. Мичурина) и районированного сорта ‘Ульянихинский’ (контроль) для обоснования возможности их использования в промышленном садоводстве и селекции Центрально-Черноземного региона. Исследования проводили в 2018, 2019, 2020 и 2025 гг. (г. Мичуринск) в неорошаемом саду (схема посадки 6×3 м, подвой СВГ 11-19, почва – чернозем выщелоченный суглинистый, гумус 4,8…5,7 %, pH 5,3…5,6). Основными лимитирующими факторами для выращивания абрикоса в ЦЧР являются низкая температура воздуха в зимний период и поздневесенние заморозки. За годы изучения средняя урожайность сорта ‘Цезарь’ составила 7,90 т/га, что на 2,38 т/га (43,1 %) достоверно превышает контроль (НСР05=1,73 ц/га). Средняя масса плодов – 42,3 г (+31,4% к контролю), содержание суммы сахаров – 10,8 % (+2,9 %), аскорбиновой кислоты – 14,4 мг/100 г (+22,0 %). Поражаемость листового аппарата клястероспориозом – 1,7 балла, что в 1,8 раза ниже стандарта. Коэффициент интенсивности (Ci=90,3 %) в 2,4 раза превышает контроль, коэффициент адаптивности (Са=1,18) указывает на высокую экологическую пластичность. Минимальная урожайность в стрессовом 2025 г. (5,12 т/га) достоверно превысила контроль на 0,78 т/га (НСР05=0,73 т/га). Сорт ‘Цезарь’ рекомендуется для закладки насаждений в производственных испытаниях и использования в качестве источника крупноплодности, урожайности и адаптивности в селекционных программах Центрально-Черноземного региона.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study examined the agronomic and biological traits of the new apricot cultivar Tsesar, developed at the I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center, Tambov Region, Russia, in comparison with the regional standard Ulyanikhinsky, to determine the suitability of both cultivars for commercial orchards and breeding programs in the Central Black Earth Region. Field trials were conducted in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2025 in a dryland orchard in Michurinsk (planting scheme 6 × 3 m; rootstock SVG 11-19; soil: leached loamy chernozem, humus 4.8-5.7 %, pH 5.3–5.6). Low winter temperatures and late spring frosts remain the major limiting factors for apricot cultivation in this region. During the study period, the mean yield of Tsesar was 7.90 t/ha, exceeding the control by 2.38 t/ha (43.1 %, LSD05 = 1.73 t/ha). The mean fruit mass was 42.3 g (+31.4 % relative to the control). The total soluble sugar content reached 10.8 % (+2.9 %), and the ascorbic acid content was 14.4 mg/100 g (+22.0 %). Leaf infection by shot-hole disease (clasterosporiosis) averaged 1.7 points, which was 1.8-fold lower than the standard. The intensity coefficient (Ci = 90.3 %) was 2.4-fold higher than that of the control, and the adaptability coefficient (Ca = 1.18) indicated high ecological plasticity. Even in the stressful year 2025, the minimum yield of Tsesar (5.12 t/ha) significantly exceeded the control by 0.78 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.73 t/ha). The cultivar Tsesar is recommended for production-scale trials and for use as a donor of large fruit size, high yield, and adaptability in breeding programs for the Central Black Earth Region.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>абрикос</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>масса плода</kwd><kwd>адаптивность</kwd><kwd>экологическая пластичность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>apricot</kwd><kwd>breeding</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd><kwd>fruit mass</kwd><kwd>adaptability</kwd><kwd>ecological plasticity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеев В. И. Анализ очагов происхождения культивируемых растений и их предки в Евразии. 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