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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2018-5-23-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-261</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выявление новых комплексных источников устойчивости к болезням яблони с использованием молекулярных методов в Беларуси</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of new complex sources of resistance to apple diseases using molecular methods in Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kоzlovskaya</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией генетических ресурсов плодовых, орехоплодных культур и винограда </p><p>Адрес для переписки: Козловская Зоя Аркадьевна – РУП «Институт плодоводства», НАН Беларуси, 223013, Республика Беларусь, Минский р-н, 2, пос. Самохваловичи, ул. Ковалева</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci.(Agric.), professor, Chief of Fruit, Nut Grape Genetic Resourses Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zoya-kozlovskaya@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратенок</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratsenоk</surname><given-names>Ju. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гашенко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gashenkо</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярмолич</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarmolich</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РУП «Институт плодоводства», НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Fruit Growing, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/261">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/261</self-uri><abstract><p>C целью выявления новых комплексных источников устойчивости к болезням яблони был проанализирован гибридный фонд, созданный в 1994-2007 гг. – 22 364 однолетних растений, полученных от 252 комбинаций скрещивания, и выделенные отборы в селекционном саду – 4936 шт. 120 отборов оценивались в саду первичного изучения на подвоях 62-396 и ПБ-4, из них выделены 12 перспективных гибридов. Источниками устойчивости к парше послужили исходные формы – носители гена Rvi5 – 85-12/88 (F1 SR0523), 85-9/112 (F1 SR0523), гена Rvi6 – Имант, ВМ41497, Prima, Liberty, Red-free, Otava, 86-55/53, 86-54/131 (F1ВМ41497), Rvi17 – 27/78 (F1Чаравница). Препараты ДНК выделяли из свежих листьев яблони при помощи набора реагентов Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Thermoscientific, EC). Для проведения идентификации генов устойчивости к парше Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi5, Rvi6 и Rvi17 были использованы маркеры OPL19, AD13-SCAR, OPB12 STS, VfC1 и VfC2, AL07-SCAR и AM19-SCAR, Vf2ARD, для идентификации генов устойчивости к мучнистой росе Pl1, Pl2, Pl-w, Pl-d – маркеры OPU02 SCAR, OPAT20450, EM M02, EM DM01. Установлено присутствие доминантного аллеля гена Rvi6 в гомозиготном состоянии (VfVf) у трех гибридов: 94-13/39, 99-39/76 и 2007-18/19, в гетерозиготном (Vfvf) – у шести гибридов и сорта Дыямент. Сопоставление результатов ДНК-анализа и экспериментальных данных полевой оценки устойчивости к парше и мучнистой росе позволило получить достоверные результаты по наличию генов устойчивости в исследуемых 12 геномах яблони, полученных в результате целенаправленной гибридизации исходных форм – производных различных видов. Выявлены новые источники с комплексной устойчивостью к парше и мучнистой росе – носители нескольких генов устойчивости в одном генотипе: 2000-45/70 (Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi5, Rvi6 Pl-d), 94-13/39 (Rvi2, Rvi5, Rvi6), 2007-19/15 (Rvi2, Rvi6 Rvi17, Pl-d)</p><p>.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In order to identify new complex sources of resistance to apple diseases, a hybrid fund, created in 1994-2007 – 22 364 plants of one year, obtained from 252 crossing combinations and selections in the breeding plot – 4936 plants was analyzed. 120 selections were evaluated in the primary test orchards on rootstocks 62-396 and PB-4, of which 12 promising hybrids were identified. DNA preparations were extracted from fresh apple-tree leaves using the Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Thermo scientific, EC) kit. Markers: OPL19, AD13-SCAR, OPB12 STS, VfC1 and VfC2, AL07-SCAR and AM19-SCAR, Vf2ARD, were used to identify the scab resistance genes Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi5, Rvi6, Rvi17 and for identification of powdery mildew resistance genes Pl1, Pl2, Pl-w, Pl-d are the markers OPU02 SCAR, OPAT20450, EM M02, EM DM01. The presence of the dominant allele of the Rvi6 gene in the homozygous state (VfVf) was established in three hybrids: 94-13/39, 99-39/76 and 2007-18/19, in the heterozygous (Vfvf) – in six hybrids and cv. Diyament. Comparison of the results of DNA analysis and experimental field data of resistance to scab and powdery mildew allowed to obtain reliable results on the presence of resistance genes in the 12 apple genomes studied, obtained as a result of targeted hybridization of the original forms – derivatives of various apple species. New sources with complex resistance to scab and powdery mildew – carriers of several resistance genes in one genotype have been identified: 2000-45/70 (Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi5, Rvi6 Pl-d), 94-13/39 (Rvi2, Rvi5, Rvi6), 2007-19/15 (Rvi2, Rvi6 Rvi17, Pl-d).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>яблоня</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>гены</kwd><kwd>ДНК</kwd><kwd>парша</kwd><kwd>мучнистая роса</kwd><kwd>Республика Беларусь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>apple</kwd><kwd>breeding</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>genes</kwd><kwd>DNA</kwd><kwd>scab</kwd><kwd>powdery mildew</kwd><kwd>Belarus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козловская З. А. Селекция яблони в Беларуси. Мн: Беларуская навука, 2015, 457 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlovskaya Z. A. Apple tree breeding in Belarus. 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