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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2020-2-41-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-496</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ И СПОСОБЫ ЗАЩИТЫ РАСТЕНИЙ ОТ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ И БОЛЕЗНЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS AND WAYS OF PROTECTING PLANTS FROM DISEAS AND PESTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Карантинные и особо опасные бактерии, фитоплазмы и вирусы, представляющие риск для виноградарства Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quarantine and particularly dangerous bacteria, phytoplasmas and viruses that pose a risk to the viticulture in Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнейдер</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shneyder</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шнейдер Eлена Юрьевна – старший научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии и бактериологии</p><p>ул. Пограничная, 32, п. Быково, Московская область, 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shneyder Elena Yu., Senior Researcher, Scientifi c-Methodological Department of Virology and Bacteriology</p><p>32, ul. Pogranichnaya, Bykovo, Moscow region, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniikr_shneyder@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии и бактериологии</p><p>п. Быково, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Scientifi c-Methodological Department of Virology and Bacteriology</p><p>Bykovo, Moscow region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнейдер</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shneyder</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, исполняющий обязанности заместителя директора</p><p>п. Быково, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biol.), Acting Deputy Director</p><p>Bykovo, Moscow region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии и бактериологии</p><p>п. Быково, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Agric.), Leading Researcher, Scientifi cMethodological Department of Virology and Bacteriology</p><p>Bykovo, Moscow region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Всероссийский центр карантина растений»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/496">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/496</self-uri><abstract><p>В Российскую Федерацию ввозится большое количество посадочного и прививочного материала винограда, в том числе из стран распространения опасных вредных организмов для виноградников. Специалисты по защите растений данной отрасли, а также производители винограда должны понимать возможный риск, связанный с опасностью проникновения возбудителей карантинных болезней на территорию Российской Федерации и потенциальный ущерб в случае завоза зараженного растительного материала. Сотрудниками ФГБУ «Всероссийский центр карантина растений» были проведены исследования по оценке фитосанитарного риска вредных организмов, связанных с импортированием саженцев, подвоев и черенков винограда. На основе данных исследований сформирован список вредных организмов для виноградной лозы, имеющих карантинный статус и потенциально карантинных для Российской Федерации, в частности бактериозов, фитоплазмозов и вирусных болезней. В данной статье дается описание основных болезней, поражающих виноград и входящих в Единый перечень карантинных объектов Евразийского экономического союза, а также потенциально опасных вирусных болезней, не входящих в настоящее время, но планируемым к включению в Единый перечень, которые представляют серьезную угрозу в случае их проникновения на территорию Российской Федерации. Из карантинных возбудителей виноград поражают бактериоз винограда (болезнь Пирса) (Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.), бактериальное увядание винограда (Xylophilus ampelinus (Panagopoulos) Willems et al.), фитоплазма золотистого пожелтения винограда (Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis), из планируемых к включению – красная пятнистость листьев винограда (Grapevine red blotch-associated virus), мраморность листьев винограда (Grapevine vein clearing virus) и обесцвечивание листьев винограда Родитис (Grapevine Roditis leaf discoloration-associated virus). В статье рассмотрены биологические особенности возбудителей болезней, пути их возможного проникновения и распространения на территории выращивания винограда в Российской Федерации, растения-хозяева карантинных и опасных вредных организмов, основные симптомы болезней, возможные переносчики, ущерб, наносимый карантинными объектами в странах фактического распространения, методы диагностики, а также зоны возможной вредоносности и акклиматизации для Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Russian Federation imports large quantities of planting and grafting material of grapes, including from countries where dangerous harmful organisms are spread to vineyards. Plant protection specialists in this industry, as well as grape producers, must understand the possible risk associated with the danger of the entry of quarantine disease pathogens into the Russian Federation and the potential damage if infected plant material is imported. Studies have been carried out by the staff of All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center to assess the phytosanitary risk of pests associated with the import of seedlings, stocks and grape cuttings. Based on these studies, the list of pests for the vine that have quarantine status and potentially quarantine status for the Russian Federation, in particular bacterioses, phytoplasmas and viral diseases has been established. This article describes the main diseases that affect grapes and are included in the Unified List of Quarantine Pests of the Eurasian Economic Union, as well as potentially dangerous viral diseases that are not currently included, but planned for inclusion in the Unified List, which pose a serious threat if they penetrate to the territory of the Russian Federation. From quarantine pathogens, grapes are affected by grape bacteriosis (Pierce disease of grapevine) (Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.), bacterial blight of grapevine (Xylophilus ampelinus (Panagopoulos) Willems et al.), Flavescence dorée of grapevine (Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis), from the planned inclusion grapes are affected by red spotting of grape leaves (Grapevine red blotch-associated virus), marbling of grape leaves (Grapevine vein clearing virus) and discoloration of the leaves of Roditis grape (Grapevine Roditis leaf discoloration-associated virus). The article considers the biological peculiarities of pathogens, ways of their possible penetration and spread on the territory of the cultivation of grape in the Russian Federation, host plants of quarantine and dangerous pests, the main symptoms of diseases on plants, possible vectors, damage caused by quarantine pests in the countries of spreading, diagnostic methods, as well as areas of possible harmfulness for the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>карантинные организмы</kwd><kwd>растения-хозяева</kwd><kwd>симптомы</kwd><kwd>переносчики</kwd><kwd>ущерб</kwd><kwd>фитосанитарный контроль</kwd><kwd>методы диагностики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>quarantine pests</kwd><kwd>host plants</kwd><kwd>symptoms</kwd><kwd>vectors</kwd><kwd>damage</kwd><kwd>phytosanitary control</kwd><kwd>diagnostic methods</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федеральный закон «О виноградарстве и виноделии в Российской Федерации» от 27.12.2019 № 468-ФЗ (действующая редакция 2020). 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