vstispСадоводство и виноградарствоHorticulture and viticulture0235-25912618-9003Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»10.31676/0235-2591-2022-1-14-20vstisp-837Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВОGENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTIONАнализ продуктивности сортов груши уральской селекцииPerformance analysis of pear varieties of the Urals selectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3563-6917ТарасоваГ. Н.TarasovaG. N.

Тарасова Г. Н. — старший научный сотрудник

620142, г. Екатеринбург. ул. Белинского, 112-а

Tarasova G. N., Senior Researcher

112-a, Belinskogo str., Ekaterinburg, 620142

tarasova-g@list.ruУральский федеральный аграрный научно-исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияUral Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202225032022011420Copyright © Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 20222022Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/837

Проведено изучение динамики плодоношения восьми сортов груши уральской селекции: Тонковетка уральская, Низкорослая, Талица, Заречная, Пермячка, Гвидон, Добрянка, Радужная. Контрольный сорт — Поля. Исследования проведены в 1992-2020 гг. Все изучаемые сорта вступили в плодоношение в возрасте 5-6 лет; в полное плодоношение — на 7-13-й год. По скороплодности был выделен сорт Гвидон, который вступил в полное плодоношение в возрасте 7 лет и по сумме урожая в молодом возрасте (6-12 лет) ежегодно превосходил контрольный вариант. В возрасте 13-29 лет высокая урожайность, статистически значимо превосходящая показатели контрольного сорта, была у сортов Гвидон, Радужная, Заречная (21,1-27,9 т/га), на уровне контроля показал себя сорт Талица (17,3 т/га). Среднеурожайными оказались сорта Тонковетка уральская, Пермячка, Добрянка и Низкорослая (10,0-13,1 т/га). У сортов Поля (к), Гвидон, Заречная, Талица, Тонковетка уральская, Пермячка, Добрянка, Низкорослая положительная динамика наблюдалась до 15-19 лет, у сорта Радужная — до 20-24 лет. Максимальные темпы роста урожайности отмечены у всех сортов в возрасте 10-14 лет. Сорта Гвидон и Радужная — высокоурожайные, регулярно плодоносящие, со средне стабильной урожайностью, сорт Заречная — высокоурожайный с нерегулярным плодоношением. Сорт Талица — урожайный, с нерегулярным плодоношением, сорта Тонковетка уральская и Пермячка — среднеурожайные со среднестабильной продуктивностью. Сорта Добрянка и Низкорослая — cреднеурожайные с нерегулярным плодоношением.

The fruiting behaviour of eight pear varieties of the Urals selection was studied: Tonkovetka Uralskaya, Nizkoroslaya, Talitsa, Zarechnaya, Permyachka, Gvidon, Dobryanka, Raduzhnaya; Polya was used as a reference. The research was carried out in 1992-2020. All examined varieties began fruiting at the age of 5-6 years; heavy bearing was achieved at the age of 7-13 years. The early maturity of the Gvidon variety was singled out, in which heavy bearing occurred at the age of 7 years and annually exceeded the reference variety by the total yield at a young age (6-12 years). The Gvidon, Raduzhnaya and Zarechnaya varieties showed statistically significantly higher yields at the age of 13-29 years (21.1-27.9 t/ha) than the reference variety; the Talitsa variety demonstrated similar yields to those of the reference (17.3 t/ha). The Tonkovetka, Uralskaya, Permyachka, Dobryanka and Nizkoroslaya varieties exhibited moderate yields (10.0-13.1 t/ha). In the Polya (k), Gvidon, Zarechnaya, Talitsa, Tonkovetka Uralskaya, Permyachka, Dobryanka, Nizkoroslaya varieties, positive dynamics was observed up to 15-19 years, in the Raduzhnaya variety — up to 20-24 years. The maximum growth rate in yield was reported for all varieties at 10-14 years. The Gvidon and Raduzhnaya varieties comprise high-yielding, regularly fruiting, with a medium stable yield; the Zarechnaya variety represents high-yielding with irregular fruiting. The Talitsa variety constitutes a high-yielding variety with irregular fruiting. The Tonkovetka Uralskaya and Permyachka varieties are medium-yielding with medium stable fruiting. The Dobryanka and Nizkoroslaya varieties are medium-yielding with irregular fruiting.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.