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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vstisp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Садоводство и виноградарство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Horticulture and viticulture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2591</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9003</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/0235-2591-2022-2-6-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vstisp-858</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные биоинженерные подходы создания у косточковых культур устойчивости к вирусу шарки сливы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern bioengineering approaches to creating resistance to the Plum pox virus in stone fruit crops</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгов Сергей Владимирович — доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>проспект Науки 6, г. Пущино, Московская область, 142290</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Dolgov, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Chief Researcher</p><p>6, Prospekt Nauki, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolgov@bibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликов И. М. — доктор экономических наук, профессор, академик РАН, директор</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kulikov I. M., Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурменко</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burmenko</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурменко Ю. В. — кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом генетики и селекции плодовых и ягодных культур</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Burmenko Yu. V., PhD (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Head of the Department of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit and Berry Crops</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал Института биоорганической химии им. М. М. Шемякина и Ю. А. Овчинникова РАН; Никитский ботанический сад — Национальный научный центр РАН; Федеральный научный селекционно-технологический центр садоводства и питомниководства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Nikita Botanical Garden — National Scientific Center; Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный селекционно-технологический центр садоводства и питомниководства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/858">https://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/858</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние годы вирус оспы сливы (Plum pox virus — PPV), вызывающий болезнь шарки сливы стал главной угрозой для выращивания косточковых культур. Этот вирус нанес огромный экономический ущерб и вызвал значительное снижение производственных площадей в странах Восточной Европы и Средиземноморья. Патоген распространился по всему миру и классифицирован карантинными службами растений как наиболее опасный для косточковых культур. К сожалению, в настоящее время наука не может предложить способы лечения вирусных заболеваний растений, поэтому уничтожение зараженных деревьев остается единственным способом сдерживания их распространения. Учитывая серьезность заболевания, трудность контроля над его распространением, отсутствие устойчивых к нему существующих сортов, очевидна необходимость создания гибридов с повышенной устойчивостью к этому патогену. Современные методы генной инженерии дают возможность значительно ускорить процессы создания высокопродуктивных сортов сливы с повышенной или полной устойчивостью к вирусам, недостижимые методами традиционной селекции. Большинство известных работ модификации геномов косточковых плодовых культур выполнено с использованием ювенильного материала зиготического происхождения, имеющих более высокий морфогенетический потенциал по сравнению с сортами. Применение современных биоинженерных приемов в селекции косточковых культур тормозится отсутствием отработанных методик, способных обеспечить достаточно высокую частоту регенерации побегов из соматических тканей. Эти и другие причины вызывают необходимость разработки эффективной генотип-независимой системы регенерации и модификации геномов коммерческих сортов сливы. Принимая во внимание быстрое развитие методов редактирования генома растений, целевая мутация генов-хозяев, вовлеченных в репликацию, и широкое распространение PPV в инфицированных тканях, может быть многообещающим подходом для инженерии устойчивости к вирусам, исключающим введение чужеродных последовательностей в геном сливы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, Plum pox virus (PPV) has become a major threat to the cultivation of stone fruit plants. This virus has caused enormous economic damage and caused a significant decrease in production areas in eastern Europe and the Mediterranean. Plum pox virus has spread around the world and is classified by plant quarantine services as the most dangerous pathogen for apricots, plums and peaches Unfortunately, at present, science cannot offer any ways to treat viral plant diseases, and the destruction of infected trees remains the only way to contain the spread of viruses. Given the seriousness of the disease, the difficulty of controlling its spread, the lack of disease-resistant existing varieties, the need to create commercial varieties with increased resistance to this pathogen is obvious. Modern methods of genetic engineering make it possible to significantly accelerate the processes of creating highly productive plum varieties with increased or complete resistance to viruses, unattainable by traditional breeding methods. However, most of the work on the modification of the genomes of stone fruit crops was carried out using juvenile material of zygotic origin, which has a higher morphogenetic potential compared to varieties. The use of modern bioengineering techniques in the selection of stone fruit plants is hampered by the lack of reliable techniques that can provide a sufficiently high frequency of regeneration of shoots from somatic tissues. These and other reasons call for the development of an effective genotype-independent system for regenerating and modifying the genomes of commercial plum varieties. Given the rapid development of plant genome editing techniques, targeted mutation of host genes involved in replication and widespread PPV in infected tissues may be a promising approach for engineering resistance to viruses that exclude the introduction of foreign sequences into the plum genome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>косточковые культуры</kwd><kwd>слива</kwd><kwd>вирус оспы сливы</kwd><kwd>регенерация</kwd><kwd>модификация геномов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stone fruit crops</kwd><kwd>Plum pox virus</kwd><kwd>regeneration</kwd><kwd>genome modification</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены в рамках реализации государственного задания ФГБНУ ФНЦ Садоводства № 0432-2022-0001 «Воспроизводство и сохранение ценных генотипов плодовых и ягодных культур методами новых биотехнологий»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out as part of the implementation of the state task of the Federal Horticultural Research Centеr for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery № 0432-2022-0001 "Reproduction and preservation of valuable genotypes of fruit and berry crops by methods of new biotechnologies"</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scholthof K. 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