vstispСадоводство и виноградарствоHorticulture and viticulture0235-25912618-9003Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»10.31676/0235-2591-2022-6-16-23vstisp-952Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВОGENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTIONАнализ генетического разнообразия селекционно-ценных форм ореха грецкого из коллекции Главного Ботанического сада им. Н. В. Цицина РАН с использованием SSR-маркеровAnalysis of genetic diversity of valuable walnut species collected at N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences Using SSR markershttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-8395СупрунИ. И.SuprunI. I.

Супрун Иван Иванович − кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник

ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39, г. Краснодар, 350901

Ivan I. Suprun, PhD. (Biol.), Senior Researcher

39, ul. im. 40-letiya Pobedy, Krasnodar, 350901

supruni@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-300XСтепановИ. В.StepanovI. V.

Степанов И. В. − младший научный сотрудник

г. Краснодар

Stepanov I. V., Junior Researcher

Krasnodar

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8420-3363СоколоваВ. В.SokolovaV. V.

Соколова В. В. − кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник

г. Москва

Sokolova V. V., PhD. (Agric.), Researcher

Moscow

Аль-НакибЕ. А.Al-NakibE. A.

Аль-Накиб Е. А. − аспирант, младший научный сотрудник

г. Краснодар

Al-Nakib E. A., Postgraduate Student, Junior Researcher

Krasnodar

Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделияРоссияNorth Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, WinemakingRussian FederationГлавный ботанический сад им. Н.В. Цицина РАНРоссияN.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202222122022061623Copyright © Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture», 20222022Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»Autonomous non-profit organization Editorial Board of journal «Horticulture and viticulture»https://www.sadivin.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.sadivin.com/jour/article/view/952

Орех грецкий считается одной из наиболее экономически значимых орехоплодных культур. Оценка генетической структуры отечественной генплазмы ореха грецкого с помощью современных молекулярно-генетических подходов – актуальная задача изучения генетических ресурсов. Для селекционной практики в вопросе повышения зимостойкости интерес представляет коллекция образцов ореха грецкого Главного ботанического сада им. Н. В. Цицина РАН (ГБС РАН). Семенной материал данной коллекции был интродуцирован из различных регионов бывшего Советского Союза: Таджикистан, Киргизия, Украина, Белоруссия, а также регионов России. Коллекция ГБС РАН представляет интерес в качестве селекционного материала для мобилизации генетических ресурсов и пополнения генофонда юга России новыми образцами ореха грецкого, обладающими важными хозяйственно ценными признаками. Цель данной работы – анализ уровня генетического разнообразия выборки генотипов J. regia, включающей наиболее селекционно-ценные формы из коллекции ГБС РАН, и установление их генетической взаимосвязи с образцами, представляющими культурный генофонд ореха грецкого юга России. Генетический анализ изучаемой выборки сортов и форм осуществлялся с использованием восьми SSR маркеров: WGA001, WGA376, WGA069, WGA276, WGA009, WGA202, WGA089 и WGA054. Установленный в ходе генотипирования полиморфизм микросателлитных ДНК-маркеров свидетельствует о высоком уровне гетерогенности выборки селекционно ценных форм из коллекции генетический ресурсов ГБС РАН им. Н. В. Цицина при сравнении с генетическими ресурсами данного вида из различных регионов мира. Анализ генетических взаимосвязей с помощью кластеризации методами UPGMA и главных координат (PCoA) позволила выявить генетическую обособленность большинства образцов из коллекции ГБС РАН относительно сортов из коллекций генофонда юга России. Наиболее генетически отдаленные образцы ореха грецкого относительно сортов юга России из коллекции ГБС РАН – 199, 196, 236, 256, 106, 134, в связи с чем их включение в коллекции генофонда ФГБНУ СКФНЦСВВ и НБС – ННЦ – приоритетная задача для повышения гетерогенности генофонда.

Walnut is one of the most economically significant nut crops. Evaluation of the genetic structure of the domestic walnut gene plasma using modern molecular genetic approaches is a relevant research task. The walnut samples collected by Tsitsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences (MBG RAS) are of particular importance for breeding practice aimed at increasing winter freezing tolerance of plants. The seed material for this collection was introduced from different regions of the former Soviet Union, including Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, Belarus, as well as regions of Russia. The MBG RAS collection presents interest as a breeding material for mobilizing the genetic resources and replenishing the gene pool of the South of Russia with new, economically valuable walnut varieties. This work aims to analyze the genetic diversity of a J. regia genotype sample, which includes the most valuable forms from the MBG RAS collection, in order to establish their genetic relationships with samples representing the walnut gene pool of the South of Russia. The genetic analysis of the studied walnut species and varieties was carried out using eight SSR markers: WGA001, WGA376, WGA069, WGA276, WGA009, WGA202, WGA089, and WGA054. The polymorphism of microsatellite DNA markers established during genotyping indicated a high heterogeneity between the MBG RAS walnut sample and genetic resources in other regions. An analysis of genetic relationships using UPGMA and PCoA clustering methods revealed the genetic isolation of most samples in the MBG RAS collection from walnut varieties in the South of Russia. The most genetically distant samples in the MBG RAS collection were found to be 199, 196, 236, 256, 106, and 134. Therefore, these samples should be introduced in the gene pool of North-Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, and Wine-making and Nikitsky Botanical Garden with the purpose of increasing the heterogeneity of their gene pools.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.