Effects of biologicals on the fungal microflora of grape planting material

The present study substantiates the use of biologicals for limiting fungal, including vascular, infections in the production of grafted grape seedlings. The eff ects of antimicrobial pre-planting treatment of cuttings and grafts on the number and structure of micromycetes in the scion and rootstock of seedlings is revealed. The total activity of biologicals in suppressing fungal and bacterial microfl ora is analyzed; a strong and prolonged biocidal eff ect of Phytolavin SC and Trichodermin L is established. The studies also examine changes in the taxonomic composition of the hyphomycete complex under treatment conditions. In the production of cuttings, all biologicals show high effi ciency in suppressing Botrytis cinerea Fr., as well as Phomopsis viticola Sacc. vascular pathogen. The production of grafts using Chinosol reveals insuffi cient suppression of gray mold and excoriosis. B. cinerea and P. viticola occupy 10.2–11.8 and 0.2–0.7 % of the total number of hyphomycetes, respectively; in the remaining experimental options, complete suppression of these mycopathogens is noted. In post-excavation analyses of seedlings treated with Chinosol SP and Pharmaiodine GS, fusarium infection is detected annually on both the scion and rootstock parts; excoriosis infection is consistently detected on the rootstock part and once on the scion. The biological effi ciency of this complex treatment in reducing the infection of plants with tracheomycosis is assessed. The promising Phytolavin SC 0.4 % and Trichodermin L 0.5 % biologicals are the most effi cient in suppressing tracheomycotic infection. They have a fairly high fungicidal activity and adaptive regulatory eff ect on the overall structure of micromycetes without sharp fl uctuations in individual groups of fungi.

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