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The evaluation of apple varieties of Belorussian breeding

https://doi.org/10.18454/VSTISP.2017.5.7584

Abstract

The results of studying apple varieties of Belarusian breeding in the Orel region are presented. It was revealed that weather-climatic conditions in the period under study were generally favorable for the growth and fruiting of trees. Even in the winter of 2009-2010, when after a warm autumn in the middle of December there was a sharp drop in air temperature (minimum to -32 °C), and in January it was on average below the norm by 2,9 °C, the studied varieties did not marked signifi cant damage to the bark, wood. The sharp lowering of air temperature in early winter caused only tissue damages of the annual shoots and vegetative buds to 1,0-1,5 points. Highly early fruit-bearing was revealed in varieties Elena and Syabrina, because fl owering and fruiting started the next year after crown grafting. The varieties Pospekh, Imant, Pamyat Kovalenko and Syabrina gave high yields during the period of studies (20,5- 21,8 t/ga). The varieties Imant and Pospekh fruited annually (periodicity index: 0,29-0,33). It has been established that the studied varieties of Belarusian breeding favorably differ from the control variety Antonovka obyknovennaya on the accumulation of most biochemical substances in fruits. The varieties Darunak, Imant, Pamyat Kovalenko and Syabrina had the most harmonious sour-sweet taste (sugar-acid index 18,7-21,1); Belorusskoye Sladkoye had sweet taste (69,1). The content of ascorbic acid on the level of the control variety Antonovka obyknovennaya was in the variety Imant. The varieties Darunak (401,7 mg/100 g) and Nadzeya (456,6 mg/100 g) were noted by a sum of P-active substances. The Yelena variety can be used in breeding to create high-quality varieties of early maturity; varieties Darunak, Imant, Nadzeya, Pospekh, Syabrina can be used to create immune to scab varieties with fruits of high commodity and consumer qualities of the late-winter consumption period.

About the Authors

N. G. Krasova
FSBSI All Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding
Russian Federation


M. A. Makarkina
FSBSI All Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding
Russian Federation


A. M. Galasheva
FSBSI All Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Krasova N.G., Makarkina M.A., Galasheva A.M. The evaluation of apple varieties of Belorussian breeding. Horticulture and viticulture. 2017;(5):15-18. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18454/VSTISP.2017.5.7584

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ISSN 0235-2591 (Print)
ISSN 2618-9003 (Online)