Informational and analytical support of machine technologies for production of planting material of fruit and small fruit crops

The article contains an analytical review of information and analytical tools and instrumentation for horticulture. The issues of control and management of plant vital functions in the implementation of environmentally safe technologies in nursery are considered. Peculiarities of agrotechnology management system with software and hardware base for industrial fruit nurseries are given. The normative and technical database is considered: “Machines for modern technologies of industrial gardening in Russia” and “Computer program for the rational selection of machinery and construction of machine technologies in horticulture”, providing the functional formation and management of machine technologies, allowing to scale, summarize and systematize current production data, the structure and implementation of technical means for horticulture. A block diagram of the system of intellectual control of industrial technologies in horticulture is offered. The effectiveness of the system consists of saving money associated with the transition from traditional methods of managing technology to automated, through the use of software systems, the use of a set of instruments to monitor factors of environmental change and assess the state of plants, eliminate the “human factor” and optimize plant nutrition regimes. The current state of technical support for the horticulture sector is analyzed. It is noted that existing domestic machines do not provide competitive production of horticultural products. In the Federal Scientific Agricultural Engineering Center VIM, a new generation of technology is being developed, taking into account the best domestic and foreign experience. With the participation of specialists from the Rosinformagrotech of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, scientists from VIM and ARHIBAN, three prototype models of machines were tested: a garden mower with a remote section, a mower-shredder and a device for introducing herbicides into the trenches. As a result, it was revealed that technical means in comparison with traditional machine technologies and used machines provide productivity growth of up to 30%, a reduction in fuel consumption and labor-intensive maintenance, better working conditions and quality of work performed.

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