The effect of individual techniques of stimulating branching of annual apple seedlings

The main aim of this research was to study techniques of branching stimulation and determine their efficiency for obtaining crowned apple seedlings at one-year age. As result of the studies it was found that the use of mechanical techniques of branching stimulation significantly impact on the indicators of the aboveground part of annual seedlings. The nipping of the shoot top and nipping of the top with the removal of 3-4 upper leaves helped to reduce the height of seedlings and to obtain lateral branches in all studied scion-rootstock combinations. In the control variant, without any mechanical action on the central conductor, branched single-celled apple trees were not obtained. When comparing those techniques of branching stimulation, significant differences were observed in the indicators of the aboveground part of annual seedlings. The nipping of the top with the removal of 3-4 upper leaves helped to obtain lateral shoots from 1,5 pieces in Rozhdestvenskoye variety to 3,7 pieces in Veteran variety with wider angles of divergence from the central trunk. Laying of the branches in the crown when pinching the tip of the shoot manifested itself to a lesser extent (1,0 – 2,7 pieces) and with sharper angles of divergence. The trunk height and length of lateral branches in annual seedlings achieved standard performance regardless of the techniques used. The efficient technique of branching stimulation is the nipping of the top with the removal of 3-4 upper leaves when height of the trees is 70-80 sm.

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