Methods of biological effectiveness assessment of synthetic phytophages sex pheromone application

Evaluation of biological effectiveness of synthetic sex pheromones of grape moth (Lobesia botrana Den.&Schiff., LEPIDOPTERA, TORTRICIDAE) Shin-Etsu MD L, D (dispenser) (172 mg/d (Е, Z) 7,9 dodekadien1-il-аcetat) and codling moth (Cydia pomonella L., LEPIDOPTERA, TORTRICIDAE) Shin-Etsu MD CTT, D (dispenser) (2,2 х 10-4 Е,Е-8,10dodekadien -1-оl + 1,2 х 10-4 кg/d 1-dodekanol + 2,76 х 10-5 кg/d 1-tetradecanol) and Breeze (178 мg/d codlemon + 42 мg/d n-tetradecil acetat) in orchards of Rostov, Oryol regions and Krasnodar territory is presented. To reduce population numbers of noxious insects by breaking chemical communication between males and females, method of sex disorientation was used, the essence of which is direct neurophysiological in fl uence of pheromone high concentration on chemoreceptor system of males and provoking adaptation of receptors and central nervous system to this smell, resulting in breaking orientation to natural pheromone of females. Test results proved that a single distribution of 500 dispensers of proper synthetic sex pheromones per1 ha assures a high protection of vines and apple trees against stated pests during the whole vegetation period. Application of pheromone Shin-Etsu MD L, D (dispenser) against grape moth disorientation effects was 99,7%. Apple damage caused by codling moth in case of pheromones Shin-Etsu MD CTT, D (dispenser) and Breeze (1,289,2 %; 1,8-20,8 %) application was considerably lower than that in the control(54,6-67,5 %: 71,6-92,6 %). Modern evaluation guidelines for biological effectiveness of these promising methods of plant protection are proposed. As pheromones are highly species-specific, are applied at very few numbers and, being volatile, do not remain on the treated territory, they can be recommended for the use as ecologically safe, alternative to chemical method assuring control of phytophages population.

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