The Influence of Weather Conditions on The Qualitative Characteristics of Elite Black Currant Berries’ Forms Of FSBSI FARC of the North-East Selection

Abstract. The studies were held on a working section of a experimental garden of FSBSI FARC of the North-East (FEDERAL STATE BUDGET SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION "FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTE) in 2015-2018. The aim of research is to estimate the elite black currant forms according to biochemical composition and large-fruitiness in conditions of Kirov region and to distinguish the sources of valuable traits. Nine elite black currant forms of institute selection and 2013-year landing were the objects of research. The check variety is Vologda and earlier transferred varieties Arcadia, Sapfir (Sapphire). Observation and recording were held according to “The Program and Method of Fruit Berry and Nuciferous Cultures’ Strain Investigation” (1999). Biochemical analysis were fulfilled according to conventional techniques in analytical laboratory. The variety of weather conditions let us estimate their influence on qualitative berry composition of new elite black currant forms. As a result of studying elite black currant forms, the sources of features were distinguished: on large-fruitiness are 71-2-07 (Mortti x Chudnoe mgnovenye (Wonderful moment)) and 64-4-07 (Chernovka x Karachinskaya); on sugar content is 46-1-07 (Alivas x Chudnoe mgnovenye (Wonderful moment)); on ascorbic acid is 27-3-07 (the origin is not known). These genotypes show the value as a source material for further selection on increasing of qualitative features. Strong positive correlation of berry mass with rainfall during the period from May to July (r=0,86) and moisture index of growing season (r=0,85) was distinguished. All studied elite forms were prominent by stability of dry solids storage (V=3,12-8,19%). The storage of ascorbic acid is deeply connected with the sum of effective temperatures and mid temperature of July (r=0,95). The significant influence of weather conditions on ascorbic acid (V=23,08%) is distinguished. Strong positive correlation of total titrated acidity with the sum of rainfall in July (r=0,86) and moisture index of berry growing in July (r=0,93); strong negative connection with the sum of effective temperatures in vegetation growing period and crop ripening (r=-0,70).  Middle positive correlation between sugar accumulation and middle air temperature in July is distinguished (r=0,51). Weather conditions in ripening stage of berries had important influence on sugar content (V=24,98-52,96%).

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