Biochemical and chemical composition of strawberry fruits (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) when cultivated with drip irrigation and fertigation on so d-podzolic soil

One of the important indicators of the quality of berry production is the fruit biochemical and chemical composition. The nutritional value of strawberry is determined as the content of sugars, acids, vitamins and elemental composition.

Objective of study: to establish the fertilizer impact on the biochemical and chemical composition of strawberry fruit, to determine variety characteristics, to identify the relationship between the content in fruits and leaves of macronutrients and biochemical parameters of fruits.

Materials and methods: the object of research were strawberry plants of Honeoye and Troitskaya varieties, doses of mineral fertilizers and methods of their application. In the work we used refractometric, complexometric and titrimetric methods of analysis of plant samples, determination of the main macronutrients in one sample effected by the method of wet salting of plant material, methods of statistical data analysis.

Results: the article presents the results of chemical analyses of fruits and leaves and statistically significant correlation coefficients with the quality of strawberry fruit, on average for three years of research.

Conclusions: the change in the chemical composition of plants is more influenced by the characteristics of the variety, in less - by the doses and methods of applying mineral fertilizers, including fertigation. According to three-year observations, a rather high positive correlation was observed between the content of sugars and solids in fruits and between the content of magnesium in leaves and calcium in fruits (r =0.74 and 0.82). A negative correlation was observed between the content of dry matter in fruits and magnesium content in leaves (r= -0.68), calcium content in fruits and sugar content (r= -0.69).

1. Cordenunsi B. R., Genovese M. I., Oliveira do Nascimento J. R., Hassimotto N. A. M., Santos R. J., Lajolo F. M. Effects of temperature on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of three strawberry cultivars, Food Chemistry. 2005;91(1):113-121.

2. Maraei R. W., Elsawy K. M. Chemical quality and nutrient composition of strawberry fruits treated by g-irradiation, Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, 2017;10:80-87.

3. Mishra R., Kar A. Effect of Storage on the Physicochemical and Flavour Attributes of Two Cultivars of Strawberry Cultivated in Northern India, The Scientific World Journal, vol. 2014, Article ID 794926, 7 p.

4. Pomyaksheva L. V, Konovalov S. N., Khlevnushko O. F. Biochemical indicators of strawberry berries in the cultivation with drip irrigation and fertigation in the Moscow region, Plodovodstvo i yagodovodstvo Rossii, 2015;41:271-275 (In Russ.)

5. Shamaeva I. Z., Artanova M. P. Biochemical assessment of new strawberry varieties in the conditions of the Kabarda-Balkaria foothill zone, Sbor-nik nauchnykh trudov GNBS, 2017;144 (1):247-250 (In Russ.)

6. Paparozzi E. T., Meyer G. E., Schlegel V., Blankenship E. E., Adams S. A., Conley M. E., Loseke B., Read P. E. Strawberry cul-tivars vary in productivity, sugars and phytonutrient content when grown in a greenhouse during the winter, Scientia Horticulturae. 2018;227:1-9.

7. Tolstoguzovа V. G., Djura N. Yu., Pavlova A. Yu. Peculiarities of generative productivity of strawberry varieties in the Moscow region, Current and new directions in the breeding and seed production of agricultural crops: Intern. scientific and practical Conf., Gorsky GAU, February 18, 2017 - Vladikavkaz. 2017:181-183 (In Russ.)

8. Krasotina T. S., Khapova S. A. Biochemical assessment of promising strawberry varieties in the Yaroslavl region, Vestnik APK Verkhnevolzh’ya. 2009;1(5):1-14. (In Russ.)

9. Prichko T. G., Yakovenko V V, Germanova M. G. Variety differences in the chemical composition of strawberry berries in Krasnodar Krai, Plodovodstvo i yagodovodstvo Rossii. 2011;27:209-219. (In Russ.)

10. Zhbanova E. V The variability of the chemical composition of strawberry fruit in the conditions of the Central Black Earth Region, Plodovodstvo i yagodovodstvo Rossii. 2011;28(1):201-207 (In Russ.)

11. Cao X., Wang Y, Liao X., Hu X. Characterization of physico-chemical and bio-chemical compositions of selected four strawberry cultivars, Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality. 2018;91:155-162.

12. Rodrigues L. M., France de Souza D., Aparecida da Silva E.; Odete de Oliveira T., Pinto de Lima J. Physical and chemical characterization and quantification of bioactive compounds in berries and berry jams, The Journal Semina Ciencias Agrarias. 2017;38(4):1853-1864.

13. Prichko T. G. The influence of foliar dressings on the quality of strawberries, Plodovodstvo i vinogradarstvo Yuga Rossii. 2016;40(04):1-8 (In Russ.)

14. Kulyukin A. V, Ammosova N. V The influence of fertilizers on the ability of the strawberry to form moustaches and the content of nutrients in the leaves and substrate, Agrokhimia. 2005;2:46-54. (In Russ.)

15. Lysanyuk V G. Strawberries. - Kiev: Vishcha shkola. 1990:151 (In Russ.)

16. Petrova V I., Konovalov S. N., Bobkova V V., Sadonina N. N. Comparative effectiveness of bioorganic fertilizers and biological products on strawberries, Plodo-vodstvo i yagodovodstvo Rossii. 2015;41:266-270. (In Russ.)

17. Mineev V G., Sychev V G., Amelyanchik O. A., Bolysheva T. N., Gomonova N. F., Durinina E. P., Egorov V S., Egorova E. V, Edemskaya N. L., Karpova Ye. A., Prizhukova V G. Workshop on agrochemistry. 2nd ed.: Tutorial. Moscow: Izd-vo MGU. 2001:689. (In Russ.)

18. Bondarenko A. A., Kharitonov O. K. To the method of determining total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant material from one sample: The problem of nitrogen and yield in Polesie: Mezhdunar. zone scientific production Conf., Zhytomyr Agricultural Institute, 3-5 March 1965. — Kiev. 1967:459-466. (In Russ.)

19. Kusakina M. G., Suvorov V I., Chudinova L. A. Great workshop “Biochemistry”. Laboratory work: Tutorial. Perm: Izd. PGNIU. 2012:148. (In Russ.)

20. Dospe-khov B. A. Methods of field experience (with the basics of statistical processing of research results). 4-th ed.,: Tutorial. Moscow: Kolos. 1979:416. (In Russ.)

21. Marcelle R. D. Mineral nutrition and fruit quality, Acta Hor-ticulturae. 1995(383):219-226.

22. Kafkafi U., Tarchitzky J. Fertigation. A tool for efficient fertilizer and water management. Paris. 2011:141.