Apple assortment replenishment in central regions of Russia

Abstract

More than 50 apple cultivars were developed and included in the State Register as a result of the 60-year large-scale target breeding at the All Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding. Just for the last three years seven cultivars have been included in the State Register and four apple cultivars have been passed for state trials. Among the seven cultivars included in the State Register ‘Osipovskoye’ (‘Mantet’ x tetraploid ‘Papirovka’), a triploid cultivar of summer maturing, is worth of a special attention. It is characterized by high productivity and marketable fruit of a dessert taste that mature in early August. Among the four apple cultivars passed for state trials the following three winter cultivars are of great interest: ‘Den Pobedy’ (‘Veteran’ x ‘Horcout’), ‘Prazdnichnoye’ (‘Prima’ x ‘Jiant Spy’) and ‘Girlianda’ [224-18 (SR0523 x ‘Vazhak’) x 22-34-95 (814 x PA 29-1-1-63)]. ‘Den Pobedy’ has fruit of medium size (140 g), the appearance attractiveness and taste of fruit are evaluated by 4,3 rating points (according to the 5-point scale). The consumption period continues up to the middle of March. The cultivar is characterized by high productivity, regular fruit-bearing and high marketable qualities of fruit. ‘Prazdnichnoye’ is a scab immune triploid cultivar of winter maturing. Fruit weight is 150- 155 g. Fruit appearance - 4,5 points; taste - 4,3 points. The cultivar is characterized by higher contents of sugars in fruit (14,2 %). Fruit are able to be stored in the refrigerator conditions up to the .middle of January. The cultivar is precocious, productive and has high marketability of fruit. ‘Girlianda’ is a columnar scab immune cultivar. Fruit are of medium weight (130 g). Fruit appearance and taste are evaluated by 4,3 points. The cultivar is very precocious and highly productive. Fruit can be stored in the refrigerator conditions to the end of February.