Influence of foliar application by liquid micro fertilizers on productivity and quality of the grapes

The article presents the results of studying of the impact of fertilizers on the yielding capacity and quality of two grapes varieties of different ripening groups in the conditions of the Astrakhan region. The purpose of this research is the identification of the most effective micronutrients for the foliar application as an element of cultivation technology of table grapes. On the experimental plot there is a vineyard with following features: covered, irrigated, ungrafted. The scheme of planting is 2×3 m, 1670 vines per 1 hectare. The system of vine formation is Moldavian espalier. The vines were treated in the morning hours by aqueous solution of fertilizer with knapsack sprayer to the extent of 0,5 liter/per vine before flowering, after flowering and during the period of berry as a pea size on the recognized varieties of different ripening periods - Ranniy Magaracha and Karaburnu. It was found a positive impact of all forms of fertilizers on grape yielding capacity of both varieties. There were obtained significant raise of productivity thanks to use of Citovit, Siliplant, Ekofus and Nagro fertilizers on early ripening variety - Ranniy Magaracha (12,5-19,6 %), and on the middle ripening variety Karaburnu (16,6-23,0 %) in relation to the control variant. The application of highly concentrated liquid compound nanotechnological fertilizer Nagro contributed to receiving of high rate of yield of Ranniy Magaracha - 13,4 t/ha (control variant - 11,2 t/ha), Karaburnu - 15,5 t/ha (control variant - 12,6 t/ha). Using of Ekofus, a unique organo-mineral fertilizer, slightly (by 0,3-0,4 t/ha) gave way to the impact of the Nagro fertilizer. Due to the application of compound micronutrients the weight of grape clusters exceeded the control variant without fertilizer accordingly: on 6,8-21,2 % for Ranniy Magaracha, on 10,4-24,5 % for Karaburnu variety. Foliar feeding encouraged the increase of the mass concentration of sugars in the grapes berries on 1,5-7,4 g/per 100 cm3 of Ranniy Magaracha variety and on 2,3-7,7 g/per 100 cm3 of Karaburnu variety.

виноград, удобрения, микроэлементы, урожайность, масса грозди, качество, grape, fertilizers, minor nutrient elements, yielding capacity, weight of cluster, quality

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