New varieties of stone fruits cultures bred in FSBSI ARHIBAN

Abstract

As a result of many years of breeding and variety study in All Russian Horticultural Institute of Breed-ing, Agrotechnology and Nursery new varieties of cherry (Assol, Silva, Chereshnevaya), sweet cherries (Sinyavskaya) and plums (Yakhontovaya, Zanyatnaya and Aleksiy) were obtained. In the article it is given economic and biological characterization of still insuffi ciently widespread varieties, the introduction of which will signifi cantly improve the existing assortment of stone fruit crops and prolong the consumption of fruits of domestic varieties. The cherry variety Chereshnevaya has a very early ripening, large fruits of good quality, resistance to coccomicosis. The variety Assol among the Moscow varieties is distinguished by high taste and commercial qualities, fruit resistance to Clasterosporium carpophilum and anthracnose. The variety Silva has an attractive appearance, dark burgundy fruits with a high content of vitamin C and antioxidant substances, high winter hardiness of fl owering buds and polygenic stable resistance to coccom-icosis. The cherry variety Sinyavskaya of medium-early maturity is distinguished by large, dark red fruits of excellent sour-sweet taste, with a small stone. The plum variety Yakhontovaya combines large-fruited, good taste and high yields. The variety Zanyatnaya is characterized by high early fruiting, productivity and good fruit quality. The variety Alexiy is undersized and is characterized by late ripening, high winter hardiness, regular and abundant fruiting. Based on the results of many years of study, these varieties exceed those that are regionalized by major economic and biological characteristics. They are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, approved for use from 2008 to 2013.