Polygenomic pentaploid and hexaploid hybrids of steppe cherry for gametes breeding

The aim of the work, conducted in the climate conditions of Altai region on the basis of fi eldand gamete selections, was to identify the polygenomic forms of cherry with a complex of reproductive and economically valuable features for subsequent breeding crossings. In 2013-2017 by the using of remote hybridization, fi eld selection and cytological chromosomes number counting methods, original selective pentaploid and hexaploid interspecifi c steppe cherry hybrids, producing unreduced gametes, carrying a complex of economically valuable features (winter hardiness, resistance to coccomicosis, fast yielding, setting fruits of high quality) have been identifi ed to include them in intervalent crossings and in the primary variety testing. Pollen fertility of the selective forms depends on the level of ploidy and on the individual characteristics of the specifi c genotype. Pollen fertility and viability of pentaploids were varied from 0 up to 58 %, and from 0 up to17 % respectively. Pentaploid 323-09-3 is characterized by male sterility and can only be used as a maternal form. Pollen quality on hexaploids was higher in comparison with pentaploids: the fertility was from 43,3 up to 64,7 %, the viability was from 12,3 up to 32,7 %. A description of reproductive and economically signifi cant characteristics for four pentaploids and for two hexaploids from the gene pool of the Federal Altai Scientifi c Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies is given.

вишня степная, отдаленная гибридизация, полиплоидия, гаметный отбор, полигеномные гибриды, пентаплоид, гексаплоид, хозяйственно ценные признаки, steppe cherry, remote hybridization, polyploidy, gamety selection, polygenomic hybrids, pentaploid, hexaploid, economically valuable characteristics

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