Current mechanisms of state support, including: facilities in the tax area; budget policy; planning of state support of the agrarian sector through forecasting of targeted programs, current and targeted plans of recommendatory nature; monetary policy and changes in the provision of state support to agricultural organizations in 2017 are examined. Estimation of suffi ciency of the state support measures of viticulture development is given. The shortage of funds for ensuring the sustainable development of the subjects of industrial viticulture was reasonably justifi ed. Reproductive imbalances in industrial viticulture are revealed. Methodical approaches to the substantiation of the necessary dimensionality of instruments of state regulation of the viticulture industry are suggested. According to them, the increase in subsidies for planting should be carried out with a focus on covering the defi cit of the reimbursement fund and, in view of macroeconomic imbalances and cost differentiations, be adjusted annually not only for the discount factor that takes into account the decrease in the purchasing power of money, but also on the correction factor. It represents the difference between the actual discount and the actual average rate of growth of the created value of perennial plants. The optimal dimensionality of the instruments of state regulation of industrial viticulture was justifi ed.

The biological characteristics of early fl owering, less distributed bulbous and bulbotuberous perennials with the purpose of their practical use in landscaping of the region have been studied. The results of introduction of bulbotuberous Bulbocodium vernum and bulbous: Iridodictyum reticulatum ‘J. S. Dijt’, Jahlumonian kandyk (Еrythronium tuolumnense ‘Pagoda’), bended kandyk (Erythronium revolutum), the Afl atun onion (Allium аfl atunense) and its varieties ‘Purple Sensation’, giganteum onion (A. giganteum), karatavioan onion (A. karataviense), tulipanoceous onion (A. tulipifolium) in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone in the south of Western Siberia are presented. All species refer to spring-fl owering ornamental perennials, fi nish vegetation after fl owering or fruiting. Data are given for 2010-2016. The climate of region of introduction is characterized by severe winter period, short, but hot, often drought summer with high solar insolation. The soil of experimental plot is dark-grey woodland with low structure. Irrigation is irregular. Observation methods are usual. Providing of layers in fl ower beds in time and space can be achieved by using to the species and varieties of kandyk, bulbocodium, iridodictium - blossom in the fi rst and third decades of May, and onions bloom in the third decade of May-June. The fl owering period ranges from 7 days for Erythronium revolutum to 16 for Allium аfl atunense variety, an average of 14 days. The highest layer of peduncle have been formed by Allium giganteum and A. аfl atunense, the middle layer by A. tulipifolium, the lower one by the rest of the species. The studied species and varieties are annually bloomed, showing resistance in the conditions of introduction. They were undemanding to the fertility and mechanical composition of the soil, agricultural techniques. All species are suitable for enriching the cultural fl ora of the region.

The results of studying apple varieties of Belarusian breeding in the Orel region are presented. It was revealed that weather-climatic conditions in the period under study were generally favorable for the growth and fruiting of trees. Even in the winter of 2009-2010, when after a warm autumn in the middle of December there was a sharp drop in air temperature (minimum to -32 °C), and in January it was on average below the norm by 2,9 °C, the studied varieties did not marked signifi cant damage to the bark, wood. The sharp lowering of air temperature in early winter caused only tissue damages of the annual shoots and vegetative buds to 1,0-1,5 points. Highly early fruit-bearing was revealed in varieties Elena and Syabrina, because fl owering and fruiting started the next year after crown grafting. The varieties Pospekh, Imant, Pamyat Kovalenko and Syabrina gave high yields during the period of studies (20,5- 21,8 t/ga). The varieties Imant and Pospekh fruited annually (periodicity index: 0,29-0,33). It has been established that the studied varieties of Belarusian breeding favorably differ from the control variety Antonovka obyknovennaya on the accumulation of most biochemical substances in fruits. The varieties Darunak, Imant, Pamyat Kovalenko and Syabrina had the most harmonious sour-sweet taste (sugar-acid index 18,7-21,1); Belorusskoye Sladkoye had sweet taste (69,1). The content of ascorbic acid on the level of the control variety Antonovka obyknovennaya was in the variety Imant. The varieties Darunak (401,7 mg/100 g) and Nadzeya (456,6 mg/100 g) were noted by a sum of P-active substances. The Yelena variety can be used in breeding to create high-quality varieties of early maturity; varieties Darunak, Imant, Nadzeya, Pospekh, Syabrina can be used to create immune to scab varieties with fruits of high commodity and consumer qualities of the late-winter consumption period.

The aim of the work, conducted in the climate conditions of Altai region on the basis of fi eldand gamete selections, was to identify the polygenomic forms of cherry with a complex of reproductive and economically valuable features for subsequent breeding crossings. In 2013-2017 by the using of remote hybridization, fi eld selection and cytological chromosomes number counting methods, original selective pentaploid and hexaploid interspecifi c steppe cherry hybrids, producing unreduced gametes, carrying a complex of economically valuable features (winter hardiness, resistance to coccomicosis, fast yielding, setting fruits of high quality) have been identifi ed to include them in intervalent crossings and in the primary variety testing. Pollen fertility of the selective forms depends on the level of ploidy and on the individual characteristics of the specifi c genotype. Pollen fertility and viability of pentaploids were varied from 0 up to 58 %, and from 0 up to17 % respectively. Pentaploid 323-09-3 is characterized by male sterility and can only be used as a maternal form. Pollen quality on hexaploids was higher in comparison with pentaploids: the fertility was from 43,3 up to 64,7 %, the viability was from 12,3 up to 32,7 %. A description of reproductive and economically signifi cant characteristics for four pentaploids and for two hexaploids from the gene pool of the Federal Altai Scientifi c Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies is given.

By using of polymorphism analysis of microsatellite loci, DNA fi ngerprinting and an estimation of the degree of genetic similarity for a set of 20 modern peach varieties breeding of Nikita botanical garden were performed. The studied varieties are contributed for horticulture, agro-climatic conditions of the region and valuable for breeding interest as sources of useful adaptive traits. To analyze the polymorphism of studied varieties 13 SSR-markers were used: BPPCT025, CPPCT044, BPPCT007, CPPCT006, UDP96-018, BPPCT023, UDP98-410, CPPCT040, UDP98-409, BPPCT017, BPPCT028, UDP98-412 and BPPCT002. Markers were distributed in multiplex sets, which include from 3 to 4 markers. Optimal combinations of SSR-markers made it possible to obtain easily interpreted results during fragment analysis. Among the SSR markers used, the highest number of alleles (5) was identifi ed to markers BPPCT025 and CPPCT044, the least polymorphic markers were CPPCT040, UDP98-409, BPPCT028 (two alleles per locus) and BPPCT002 - one allele. The remaining SSR-markers revealed 3-4 alleles per locus. Analysis of the obtained DNA fi ngerprints showed that all studied peach varieties possess a unique allelic set. The most polymorphic SSR markers are promising for use in the DNA-fi ngerprinting of peach genetic resources. The cluster analysis revealed three main clusters, the distribution in which, in some cases, is consistent with the origin of the varieties. Genetic similarity data together with data on the origin of varieties can be used for planning of cross combinations as needed to maximize the diversity level in the hybrid offspring.

The results of long-term studies of honeysuckle berries of five varieties in the basic physical and chemical parameters on availability for making table wines are presented. Determination of physical-chemical indices was carried out according to the normative documents of State standard, the total content of polyphenols with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The processing of berries and primary fermentation were carried out in the experimental shop by method of micro- winemaking using the red method on pressed mash with a floating “cap”, using active dry yeast of the France Superstar race. When producing wine from honeysuckle, it is necessary to reduce the excess acidity (21,80-26,00 g/dm3). For this purpose, heat treatment of pressed mash with hot water (60-70 °C) was performed to obtain diffusion juices with a titrated acidity (9,7-13,4 g/dm3) and then further correction of the acidity of the wine materials by chalking before preparation of the finished product (5,36-8,04 g/dm3) was performed. In the studied berries a high average value of titrate acidity (≥2,04 %), a content of ascorbic acid (35,03 ± 2,08 mg %) and sugars (8,93 ± 0,32 %) and a small content of soluble pectin substances 1,04 ± 0,10 %) were observed. The physical-chemical parameters of the honeysuckle juices have changed insignificantly in comparison with the indicators when studying fresh honeysuckle berries. In juices, a high content of polyphenols (2262-6918 mg/dm3) was noted. At the end of the primary fermentation, the sugar is ejected almost dry in two variety-specimens (Bakchar Giant and Yumis), the rest of varietal wine materials showed residual sugar. In all studied wine materials, the content of polyphenol compounds decreased by an average of 954 mg/dm3 and ascorbic acid by 20,94 mg %. Volatile acidity in all freshly prepared wine materials is within the norm. In finished wines, all the figures correspond to the standardized requirements. Testing showed that ready-made wines have a pronounced honeysuckle flavor and good taste qualities.

The purpose of present studies is to reveal the physiological and biochemical patterns of adaptation of grape varieties of different ecological and geographical origin to low-temperature stress on the basis of proteomic, enzymatic and metabolic evaluation of genotype expression. The research was carried out on technical varieties of grapes Barkhatny, Dzhemete, Dostoyny, Krasnostop Azos, Kristall and Riesling of Rhine in the ampelographic collection of the Anapa zonal experimental station of viticulture and winemaking, in the center of collective use of the Instrument and Analytical Laboratory of the Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants of North-Caucasian federal scientifi c center of horticulture, viticulture, winemaking. As result of studying the proteins of cold stress, the activity of the enzyme peroxidase was determined and it was established that the protein complex with peroxidase activity in the studied grape varieties is represented by proteins with a molecular weight of 250, 240, 150, 140, 100, 90, 75, 70, 50, 40 and 30 kDa. The physiological and biochemical patterns of adaptation of grape varieties of different ecological and geographical origin to the abiotic stressors of the winter and summer periods were determined on the basis of proteomic, enzymatic and metabolic evaluation of genotype expression. Specifi c proteins of cold and high-temperature stress with peroxidic activity of resistance of grape varieties of different eco-geographical origin to abiotic stressors of winter and summer periods were singled out. The amount and molecular weight of proteins of cold and high-temperature stresses, activity and isoenzyme composition of peroxidase of grape varieties of various ecological and geographical origin, resistant to a complex of abiotic factors of winter and summer periods were determined. Physiological and biochemical regularities in the formation of resistance of grape varieties of different ecological and geographical origin to low-temperature and high-temperature stresses based on proteomic, enzymatic and metabolic evaluation of genotype expression have been established.

The article presents the results of research on optimization of clonal micropropagation of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.). The aim of research was to study the infl uence of growth regulators and components of nutrient medium at micropropagation in vitro of raspberry new varieties Aquarel` and Dobraya which were breeded in the Altai region. These varieties have characteristics such as: high winter hardiness, thorn free, resistance to diseases, large, aromatic and sweet berries. The effect of infl uence of growth regulators: 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), tidiazuron (TDZ), zeatin, indolyl butyric acid (IBA) and elements of mineral nutrition - nitrogen, ferrum and carbohydrates in nutrient medium on the multiplication of new varieties of raspberry has been studied. It was found, that BAP had the best inducing effect at micropropagation. With its use, the maximum coeffi cient of multiplication (CM) for both varieties (9,0 ± 0,3 for the variety Dobryaya and 9,7 ± 0,4 for the variety Aquarel`) was obtained. The specifi city of varieties at action of low and high concentrations of BAP is revealed. It was noted, that a decrease in the nitrogen content in the medium reduces the CM in 1,5 time for the variety Dobryaya and negatively affects the length of regenerated plants of both varieties. An increase of the concentration of ferrum in 2 time in the medium did not affect on the CM and the sucrose substitution for glucose signifi cantly (in 2 times) increased CM. The positive effect of BAP and glucose on the micro-sprouts growth in length during cultivation is shown.

The article reveals the importance of terminology in the scientifi c supply of fruit, small fruit and ornamental crops, since the intensifi cation of the subsector requires the development of innovative technologies for accelerated reproduction of healthy planting material, including digital ones. FSBSI ARHIBAN is the developer of interstate standard GOST 34231- 2017. Material of planting fruit and small fruit crops. Terms and defi nitions, which will be adopted and will be effective from January 01, 2019, will contribute to the intensifi cation of horticulture in the next decade in the Eurasian Economic Union member states (Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan). The presented information will help when writing scientifi c articles, will effectively conduct a search for promising world-class developments in information bases. The developed terminology will provide an opportunity to create a modern micro-thesaurus for nursery farming, accelerate through defi nitions the transition from various assumptions to the exact scientifi c knowledge.

The purpose of the given work was to identify strawberry varieties, resistant to powdery mildew. Research was carried out in 2010-2016 at Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture for Siberia according to the programme and method of variety-study of fruit, small fruits and nut crops. The objects of research were 107 strawberry varieties of native and foreign breeding of plantings of 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 years. Powdery mildew was developed greatly in hot and insuffi ciently moistened years. Unresistant to powdery mildew were the varieties Darenka, Krasnaya perchatka, Podolyanka, Rusanovka, Yaponka, which on average were affected by 0,9-1,5 points, maximum - 3,5 points. There were 44 varieties, including Aquarelle, Barabinsky, Bogota, Duet, Pervoklassnitsa, and others, with good fi eld resistance to this disease (average affection 0,5-1,0 scores, in the epiphytotic years - not more than 2,0 points). As a result of many years of research, 18 varieties were identifi ed (Artemis, Vima tarda, Desna, Kruzader, Mlechny put, Omskaya raniya, Penelope, Reritan, Tago, Tantalon, Tanyusha, Feyerverk, Kholidey, Tsaritsa, Tsarskosel’skaya, Tsunami, Shuekrop, Estafeta), resistant to powdery mildew, in which the lesion in epiphytotytic years was no more than 1,0 points.

The article discusses the results of years of study of the varieties Royal pelargonium (grandifl orum) (Pelargonium grandifl orum hybrids hort.) in Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops in the conditions of the Black sea coast of Russia. In the structure of the generic complex Pelargonium L’her. ex Ait. they occupy 41 % and account 59 accessions. Based on the analytical review of the literature, a brief history of the origin of the group of Royal pelargonium and its fi rst varieties is presented. The results of comparative characteristics of economically valuable and biological qualities of varieties of old breeding and fi ve variety group are given: Aristo, Elegance, Candy Flowers, Hazel and Bermuda. It is revealed that the studied varieties of Royal pelargonium belong to three groups according to the strength of growth: vigorous (above 40 cm), medium (30-40 cm) and low do not exceed (25 cm). The main part (75 %) is occupied by medium-sized varieties, vigorous varieties are only 10 %, and 15 % varieties are low-growing belonging to the groups Candy Flowers and Hazel. Large-fl owered varieties with a fl ower diameter exceeding 6 cm were noted from the Eleganse series and partly from Aristo. It is established that in the conditions of open gound in Sochi, the Royal pelargonium begin to bloom in the second and third decades of April, and in the mass fl owering phase they come after 10-15 days. The terms and duration of fl owering of varieties of all variety groups were determined. It is noted that in the period of extremely high daily temperatures, exceeding +30 оС, fl owering completely ceases. With the establishment in September of optimum temperatures in the range of +22 ... +25 oC, fl owering resumes, but it becomes less abundant.